摘 要
心血管疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一，其高发病率和复发率对患者的心理健康造成显著影响。为探讨心理干预在心血管疾病患者中的临床效果，本研究以300名心血管疾病患者为对象，采用随机对照试验设计，分为常规护理组和心理干预组，后者接受为期12周的认知行为疗法和情绪管理训练。通过焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）及生活质量问卷评估两组患者的基线与随访数据。结果显示，心理干预组的焦虑和抑郁评分显著降低，生活质量各项指标明显改善，且疗效在干预结束后6个月仍具有持续性。这一发现表明，系统化的心理干预不仅能够有效缓解心血管疾病患者的心理压力，还能提升其整体健康水平。本研究创新性地结合认知行为疗法与情绪管理策略，为心血管疾病的心理康复提供了科学依据，并强调了多学科协作在慢性病管理中的重要性。关键词：心血管疾病; 心理干预; 认知行为疗法
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and their high incidence and recurrence rates significantly impact patients' mental health. To investigate the clinical effects of psychological interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases, this study recruited 300 participants and adopted a randomized controlled trial design, dividing them into a routine care group and a psychological intervention group, the latter of which received a 12-week program combining cognitive behavioral therapy and emotion management training. Baseline and follow-up data were assessed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and a quality of life questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the psychological intervention group experienced significant reductions in anxiety and depression scores, along with marked improvements in various quality of life indicators, with therapeutic effects persisting for at least six months post-intervention. This finding suggests that systematic psychological interventions can effectively alleviate psychological stress in patients with cardiovascular diseases while enhancing their overall health status. Innovatively integrating cognitive behavioral therapy with emotion management strategies, this study provides scientific evidence for psychological rehabilitation in cardiovascular diseases and underscores the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in chronic disease management.
Key words:Cardiovascular Disease; Psychological Intervention; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、心血管疾病与心理健康的关联研究 2
1.1、心血管疾病的心理特征分析 2
1.2、心理健康对病情的影响机制 2
1.3、研究心血管疾病心理问题的意义 2
第2章、心理干预方法在心血管疾病中的应用 4
2.1、常见心理干预方法概述 4
2.2、心理干预的适应症与禁忌症 4
2.3、干预方法的选择与实施策略 5
第3章、心理干预的临床效果评估体系 6
3.1、临床效果评估指标的设计 6
3.2、数据收集与分析方法探讨 6
3.3、评估体系的可行性和有效性验证 7
第4章、心理干预的实际案例与经验总结 8
4.1、典型病例的心理干预过程 8
4.2、干预效果的长期跟踪观察 8
4.3、实践中遇到的问题与改进建议 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
