碳中和目标下中国环境政策体系的优化路径研究 -环境工程专业

摘要

在全球气候变化加剧和碳中和目标提出的大背景下，中国作为全球最大的发展中国家和温室气体排放国，亟需优化环境政策体系以实现低碳转型与可持续发展目标。本研究旨在探讨碳中和目标下中国环境政策体系的优化路径，通过文献分析、案例研究和系统动力学建模等方法，深入剖析当前政策体系存在的问题及其对碳减排目标的影响。研究发现，现有政策体系在协同性、激励机制和执行效率等方面存在不足，难以完全适应碳中和目标的要求。本文提出了构建多层次、多主体协同治理框架的优化策略，强调政策工具的组合运用以及技术创新与市场机制的深度融合。研究创新性地引入了动态评估模型，用于量化政策效果并为决策提供科学依据。研究成果不仅有助于提升中国环境政策的科学性和有效性，也为实现碳中和目标提供了理论支持和实践指导。

关键词：碳中和；环境政策优化；协同治理；政策工具组合；动态评估模型

Optimization Paths of China's Environmental Policy System under the Carbon Neutrality Goal

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

In the context of global climate change intensification and carbon neutrality, China, as the world's largest developing country and greenhouse gas emitter, urgently needs to optimize its environmental policy system to achieve low-carbon transformation and sustainable development goals. The purpose of this study is to explore the optimization path of China's environmental policy system under the carbon neutral goal. Through literature analysis, case studies and system dynamics modeling, the problems existing in the current policy system and their impact on the carbon reduction goal are deeply analyzed. The study found that the existing policy system has shortcomings in the aspects of synergy, incentive mechanism and implementation efficiency, and it is difficult to fully adapt to the requirements of carbon neutrality. This paper puts forward the optimization strategy of constructing multi-level and multi-agent collaborative governance fr amework, emphasizing the combination of policy tools and the deep integration of technological innovation and market mechanism. The research innovatively introduces a dynamic evaluation model to quantify policy effects and provide scientific basis for decision-making. The research results not only help to improve the science and effectiveness of China's environmental policies, but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for achieving carbon neutrality.

Keywords: Carbon Neutrality；Environmental Policy Optimization；Collaborative Governance；Policy Tool Portfolio；Dynamic Evaluation Model

引言 1

一、碳中和目标下的政策背景分析 1

(一)碳中和目标的内涵与意义 1

(二)当前环境政策体系现状 2

(三)政策优化的必要性探讨 2

二、环境政策体系的关键问题识别 3

(一)政策协同性不足的表现 3

(二)技术支持体系的短板分析 3

(三)公众参与机制的薄弱环节 4

三、国际经验与中国路径借鉴 4

(一)发达国家碳中和政策实践 4