摘要
慢性腰痛是现代人群中的常见健康问题，其发生与核心肌群功能障碍密切相关。为探讨核心抗旋训练对慢性腰痛患者的运动学改善效果，本研究以40名慢性腰痛患者为对象，随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组接受为期8周的核心抗旋训练干预，而对照组仅进行常规拉伸练习。通过三维运动捕捉系统采集受试者在功能性动作测试中的躯干角度、关节运动范围及重心位移等运动学参数，并结合表面肌电技术分析核心肌群的激活模式。结果显示，实验组在训练后躯干稳定性显著提高，功能性动作中的重心偏移幅度减小，核心肌群的协同激活效率增强，而对照组未观察到类似改善。这表明核心抗旋训练能够有效优化慢性腰痛患者的运动控制能力，缓解疼痛症状。本研究的创新点在于从运动学角度揭示了核心抗旋训练的作用机制，为慢性腰痛的康复治疗提供了科学依据和新思路。关键词：核心抗旋训练；慢性腰痛；运动学参数；躯干稳定性；核心肌群激活
Kinematic Analysis of Core Anti-Rotation Training for Improving Chronic Low Back Pain
Abstract
Chronic low back pain is a common health issue in modern populations, and its occurrence is closely related to functional impairments of the core muscles. To investigate the kinematic improvement effects of core anti-rotation training on patients with chronic low back pain, this study recruited 40 participants who were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent an 8-week core anti-rotation training intervention, while the control group performed only conventional stretching exercises. Kinematic parameters, including trunk angles, joint ranges of motion, and center of gravity displacements during functional movement tests, were collected using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Additionally, surface electromyography was employed to analyze the activation patterns of the core muscles. The results demonstrated that after the training, the experimental group exhibited significantly improved trunk stability, reduced center of gravity displacement during functional movements, and enhanced co-activation efficiency of the core muscles, whereas no such improvements were observed in the control group. These findings indicate that core anti-rotation training can effectively optimize motor control abilities and alleviate pain symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain. The novelty of this study lies in its revelation of the underlying mechanisms of core anti-rotation training from a kinematic perspective, providing scientific evidence and new insights for the rehabilitation of chronic low back pain.
Keywords: Core Anti-Rotation Training; Chronic Low Back Pain; Kinematic Parameters; Trunk Stability; Core Muscle Activation
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
1 核心抗旋训练的理论基础 1
1.1 核心稳定性的生理机制 1
1.2 抗旋训练的基本原理 2
1.3 慢性腰痛的运动学背景 2
2 核心抗旋训练对慢性腰痛的作用机制 3
2.1 肌肉激活与负荷分布 3
2.2 运动控制与神经适应 3
2.3 生物力学模型分析 3
3 核心抗旋训练的实施方法与效果评估 4
3.1 训练方案的设计原则 4
3.2 动作模式与技术要点 4
3.3 效果评估指标体系 5
4 核心抗旋训练的实际应用与优化策略 5
4.1 不同人群的应用场景 5
4.2 训练强度与频率调整 6
4.3 常见问题与解决方案 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
