摘 要
随着全球环保要求日益严格，石油产品中的硫含量控制已成为能源领域的重要研究课题。本研究旨在探索高效、经济的脱硫技术以满足现代工业对清洁燃料的需求。通过对比传统加氢脱硫技术和新型非加氢脱硫方法，研究选取了基于催化剂优化和反应条件调控的组合策略，重点开发了一种新型纳米级金属氧化物催化剂，并结合超临界流体萃取技术实现了深度脱硫目标。实验采用模拟馏分油为原料，在不同温度、压力及催化剂负载量条件下进行系统性测试，结果表明该技术在低温低压环境下仍能保持较高的脱硫效率，硫含量可降至10 ppm以下，显著优于传统工艺。此外，研究还揭示了催化剂活性位点与硫化物分子间的作用机制，为后续催化剂设计提供了理论依据。创新点在于首次将超临界CO2流体与纳米催化剂协同应用于石油精制过程，不仅降低了能耗，还提升了工艺适应性。研究的主要贡献在于提出了一种兼具环境友好性和经济可行性的脱硫方案，为推动清洁能源技术发展奠定了基础。关键词：脱硫技术；纳米催化剂；超临界流体；深度脱硫；环境友好性
Abstract
With the increasingly stringent global environmental protection requirements, sulfur content control in petroleum products has become a significant research topic in the energy field. This study aims to explore efficient and cost-effective desulfurization technologies to meet the modern industrial demand for clean fuels. By comparing traditional hydrodesulfurization techniques with novel non-hydrogenation desulfurization methods, a combined strategy based on catalyst optimization and reaction condition regulation was selected. A new type of nanoscale me tal oxide catalyst was developed and integrated with supercritical fluid extraction technology to achieve deep desulfurization targets. Experiments were conducted using simulated distillate oil as the feedstock under various temperature, pressure, and catalyst loading conditions. The results indicate that this technology maintains high desulfurization efficiency even under low-temperature and low-pressure conditions, reducing sulfur content to below 10 ppm, which significantly outperforms conventional processes. Furthermore, the study elucidates the interaction mechanism between catalyst active sites and sulfide molecules, providing theoretical guidance for subsequent catalyst design. The innovation lies in the first application of supercritical CO2 fluid synergistically with nanocatalysts in petroleum refining processes, which not only reduces energy consumption but also enhances process adaptability. The primary contribution of this research is the proposal of a desulfurization scheme that combines environmental friendliness with economic feasibility, laying a foundation for the advancement of clean energy technologies..
Key Words：Desulfurization Technology；Nano Catalyst；Supercritical Fluid；Deep Desulfurization；Environmental Friendliness
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 石油产品精制与脱硫技术背景 1
1.2 脱硫技术研究的意义与价值 1
1.3 国内外脱硫技术研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 脱硫技术原理与分类 3
2.1 石油产品中硫的存在形式 3
2.2 常见脱硫技术的基本原理 3
2.3 物理法脱硫技术的特点与应用 4
2.4 化学法脱硫技术的机制与优势 4
2.5 生物法脱硫技术的发展与前景 5
第3章 脱硫技术的关键影响因素分析 6
3.1 温度对脱硫效率的影响研究 6
3.2 压力条件下的脱硫性能优化 6
3.3 催化剂在脱硫过程中的作用机制 7
3.4 硫含量分布对脱硫效果的影响 7
3.5 工艺参数对脱硫技术经济性的影响 8
第4章 脱硫技术的创新与发展展望 9
4.1 新型催化剂的研发与应用 9
4.2 高效脱硫工艺的设计与改进 9
4.3 绿色脱硫技术的探索与实践 10
4.4 脱硫技术的集成化发展趋势 10
4.5 未来脱硫技术的研究方向 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
