摘 要
催化裂化技术是重油轻质化的重要手段，其重油转化率的提升对提高石油资源利用率具有重要意义。本研究针对当前催化裂化过程中存在的重油转化效率较低的问题，旨在探索有效的提升方法。通过分析反应条件、催化剂性能及原料特性等因素对转化率的影响机制，采用实验研究与理论模拟相结合的方式，系统评估了不同工艺参数的作用。研究中引入新型复合催化剂，并优化了反应温度、压力及空速等关键操作条件，同时结合原料预处理技术以改善进料品质。结果表明，使用改性后的复合催化剂可显著增强重油的裂化效果，且在适宜的操作条件下，转化率较传统工艺提高了约15%。此外，原料预处理措施进一步提升了反应的选择性和产物分布的合理性。本研究的创新点在于将新型催化剂设计与工艺条件优化相结合，提出了综合提升重油转化率的技术方案，为工业应用提供了理论支持和技术参考，有助于推动催化裂化技术的升级与可持续发展。关键词：重油转化率；复合催化剂；工艺条件优化；原料预处理；催化裂化技术
Abstract
Catalytic cracking technology plays a crucial role in the lightening of heavy oil, and enhancing its conversion rate is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of petroleum resources. This study focuses on addressing the issue of relatively low heavy oil conversion efficiency in current catalytic cracking processes by exploring effective methods to improve it. Through analyzing the influence mechanisms of reaction conditions, catalyst performance, and feedstock characteristics on the conversion rate, an integrated approach combining experimental research with theoretical simulation was adopted to systematically evaluate the effects of various process parameters. A novel composite catalyst was introduced, and key operating conditions such as reaction temperature, pressure, and space velocity were optimized. Additionally, feedstock pretreatment technologies were employed to enhance the quality of the feed. The results indicate that the modified composite catalyst significantly improves the cracking performance of heavy oil, achieving approximately a 15% increase in conversion rate under appropriate operating conditions compared to conventional processes. Moreover, the feedstock pretreatment measures further improved the reaction selectivity and rationality of product distribution. The innovation of this study lies in integrating the design of novel catalysts with process condition optimization, proposing a comprehensive technical solution to enhance heavy oil conversion rates. This provides theoretical support and technical references for industrial applications, contributing to the advancement and sustainable development of catalytic cracking technology..
Key Words：Heavy Oil Conversion Rate；Composite Catalyst；Process Condition Optimization；Feedstock Pre-Treatment；Catalytic Cracking Technology
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 催化裂化与重油转化率研究背景 1
1.2 提高重油转化率的研究意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 催化剂对重油转化率的影响分析 3
2.1 催化剂种类与性能概述 3
2.2 新型催化剂的开发与应用 3
2.3 催化剂改性技术的研究进展 4
2.4 催化剂失活机制及其应对策略 4
2.5 催化剂优化对转化率的提升效果 5
第3章 反应条件对重油转化率的作用机制 6
3.1 温度对催化裂化反应的影响 6
3.2 压力变化对重油转化率的作用 6
3.3 气体流速与反应效率的关系 7
3.4 反应时间对转化率的影响分析 7
3.5 最优反应条件的确定方法 8
第4章 工艺改进与重油转化率提升策略 9
4.1 新型工艺流程的设计与优化 9
4.2 分子筛技术在催化裂化中的应用 9
4.3 热裂化与催化裂化的协同作用 10
4.4 废弃物回收利用对转化率的影响 10
4.5 工业实践中的案例分析与验证 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
