摘 要
森林害虫对生态系统平衡和林业生产构成严重威胁，传统化学防治手段虽见效快但易引发环境污染与抗药性问题。本研究旨在探索基于生态调控的可持续防控技术，以减少对化学农药的依赖并提升森林生态系统的稳定性。研究通过野外调查、实验室模拟及田间试验相结合的方法，分析了森林害虫种群动态及其与环境因子的关系，并引入天敌昆虫释放、植物源驱避剂应用及生境管理等综合措施。结果表明，生态调控技术能够显著降低害虫密度，同时促进森林生物多样性的恢复。特别是在天敌昆虫与植物源驱避剂联用的情况下，害虫防控效果较单一措施提高了30%以上。此外，研究还开发了一套适用于不同森林类型的生态调控方案，为实际应用提供了科学依据。本研究的创新点在于将生态系统服务理念融入害虫管理，强调多因子协同作用，为实现森林害虫的绿色防控提供了新思路和技术支持。
关键词：森林害虫; 生态调控; 天敌昆虫; 植物源驱避剂; 生物多样性恢复
Abstract
Forest pests pose a serious threat to ecosystem balance and forestry production. Although traditional chemical control methods are effective in the short term, they often lead to environmental pollution and pesticide resistance. This study aims to explore sustainable pest management technologies based on ecological regulation, with the goal of reducing reliance on chemical pesticides and enhancing the stability of forest ecosystems. By integrating field surveys, laboratory simulations, and field experiments, this research analyzed the population dynamics of forest pests and their relationships with environmental factors, while introducing integrated measures such as predator insect releases, plant-based repellent applications, and habitat management. The results indicate that ecological regulation techniques can significantly reduce pest densities while promoting the restoration of forest biodiversity. Notably, when predator insects and plant-based repellents were used in combination, pest control efficacy increased by over 30% compared to single measures. Furthermore, this study developed a set of ecological regulation schemes applicable to various forest types, providing a scientific basis for practical implementation. The innovation of this research lies in integrating the concept of ecosystem services into pest management, emphasizing the synergistic effects of multiple factors, and offering new insights and technical support for the green control of forest pests.
Key words:Forest Pest; Ecological Regulation; Natural Enemy Insect; Plant-Based Repellent; Biodiversity Restoration
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、森林害虫生态调控技术概述 3
1.1、森林害虫的危害特征分析 3
1.2、生态调控技术的基本原理 3
1.3、技术应用的现实意义 3
第2章、生物防治技术的研究与应用 5
2.1、天敌昆虫的利用与优化 5
2.2、微生物制剂的作用机制 5
2.3、生物防治技术的应用案例 6
第3章、物理与化学调控方法的探索 7
3.1、物理防治手段的技术创新 7
3.2、化学调控的安全性评估 7
3.3、综合调控方法的效果分析 7
第4章、生态调控技术的实践与挑战 9
4.1、不同生态系统中的应用策略 9
4.2、技术推广中的关键问题 9
4.3、未来研究方向与改进措施 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
森林害虫对生态系统平衡和林业生产构成严重威胁，传统化学防治手段虽见效快但易引发环境污染与抗药性问题。本研究旨在探索基于生态调控的可持续防控技术，以减少对化学农药的依赖并提升森林生态系统的稳定性。研究通过野外调查、实验室模拟及田间试验相结合的方法，分析了森林害虫种群动态及其与环境因子的关系，并引入天敌昆虫释放、植物源驱避剂应用及生境管理等综合措施。结果表明，生态调控技术能够显著降低害虫密度，同时促进森林生物多样性的恢复。特别是在天敌昆虫与植物源驱避剂联用的情况下，害虫防控效果较单一措施提高了30%以上。此外，研究还开发了一套适用于不同森林类型的生态调控方案，为实际应用提供了科学依据。本研究的创新点在于将生态系统服务理念融入害虫管理，强调多因子协同作用，为实现森林害虫的绿色防控提供了新思路和技术支持。
关键词：森林害虫; 生态调控; 天敌昆虫; 植物源驱避剂; 生物多样性恢复
Abstract
Forest pests pose a serious threat to ecosystem balance and forestry production. Although traditional chemical control methods are effective in the short term, they often lead to environmental pollution and pesticide resistance. This study aims to explore sustainable pest management technologies based on ecological regulation, with the goal of reducing reliance on chemical pesticides and enhancing the stability of forest ecosystems. By integrating field surveys, laboratory simulations, and field experiments, this research analyzed the population dynamics of forest pests and their relationships with environmental factors, while introducing integrated measures such as predator insect releases, plant-based repellent applications, and habitat management. The results indicate that ecological regulation techniques can significantly reduce pest densities while promoting the restoration of forest biodiversity. Notably, when predator insects and plant-based repellents were used in combination, pest control efficacy increased by over 30% compared to single measures. Furthermore, this study developed a set of ecological regulation schemes applicable to various forest types, providing a scientific basis for practical implementation. The innovation of this research lies in integrating the concept of ecosystem services into pest management, emphasizing the synergistic effects of multiple factors, and offering new insights and technical support for the green control of forest pests.
Key words:Forest Pest; Ecological Regulation; Natural Enemy Insect; Plant-Based Repellent; Biodiversity Restoration
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、森林害虫生态调控技术概述 3
1.1、森林害虫的危害特征分析 3
1.2、生态调控技术的基本原理 3
1.3、技术应用的现实意义 3
第2章、生物防治技术的研究与应用 5
2.1、天敌昆虫的利用与优化 5
2.2、微生物制剂的作用机制 5
2.3、生物防治技术的应用案例 6
第3章、物理与化学调控方法的探索 7
3.1、物理防治手段的技术创新 7
3.2、化学调控的安全性评估 7
3.3、综合调控方法的效果分析 7
第4章、生态调控技术的实践与挑战 9
4.1、不同生态系统中的应用策略 9
4.2、技术推广中的关键问题 9
4.3、未来研究方向与改进措施 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
