摘 要
《茶馆》作为老舍先生的经典戏剧作品，以其独特的艺术视角展现了清末至民国时期中国社会的深刻变迁。本研究以《茶馆》为文本基础，结合历史语境与文学批评理论，旨在探讨社会转型过程中人性的复杂性及其在权力、资本和文化冲突中的沉浮。通过文本细读与社会历史分析相结合的研究方法，本文从微观层面剖析了剧中人物的命运轨迹，同时从宏观层面揭示了社会结构的演变对个体选择的影响。剧中人物如王利发、常四爷等，在时代洪流中展现出的挣扎与妥协，体现了个人在历史进程中的无力感与抗争精神的交织。本文的创新点在于将社会变迁与人性探索有机结合，突破了以往单纯的社会批判视角，深入挖掘了人物内心世界的多维性。这一研究不仅丰富了对《茶馆》的艺术解读，也为理解近代中国社会转型提供了新的视角，强调了文学作品在历史叙述与人性反思中的独特价值。
关键词：社会变迁；人性复杂性；权力与资本冲突
Social changes and the ups and downs of human nature in Teahouse
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
As Lao She's classic drama, Teahouse shows the profound changes of Chinese society from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China with its unique artistic perspective. This study is based on Teahouse, combined with historical context and literary criticism theory, to explore the complexity of human nature in the process of social transformation and its ups and downs in the conflict of power, capital and culture. Through the research method of close reading of the text and social historical analysis, this paper analyzes the fate track of the characters in the drama from the micro level, and reveals the influence of the evolution of social structure on individual choice from the macro level. The characters in the drama, such as Wang Lifa and Fourth Master Chang, show their struggle and compromise in the tide of The Times, which reflects the interweaving of personal powerlessness and the spirit of resistance in the course of history. The innovation of this paper lies in the organic combination of social change and human nature exploration, breaking through the previous simple social critical perspective, and digging deeply into the multi-dimensional inner world of characters. This study not only enriches the artistic interpretation of Teahouse, but also provides a new perspective for understanding the social transformation of modern China, and emphasizes the unique value of literary works in historical narration and human nature reflection.
Keywords: Social Change；Complexity Of Human Nature；Conflict Between Power And Capital
目 录
引言 1
一、社会变迁的历史背景分析 1
(一)清末民初的社会动荡 1
(二)民国时期的经济困境 2
(三)新中国成立初期的社会转型 2
二、茶馆作为社会变迁的缩影 3
(一)茶馆的空间功能演变 3
(二)人物群像与时代特征的映射 4
(三)社会矛盾在茶馆中的集中体现 4
三、人性沉浮的表现形式 5
(一)王利发的妥协与挣扎 5
(二)常四爷的坚守与无奈 5
(三)秦二爷的理想与破灭 6
四、社会变迁与人性沉浮的深层关系 6
(一)制度变革对人性的影响 6
(二)个体命运与时代洪流的交织 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
