摘 要
《窦娥冤》作为元代戏曲家关汉卿的代表作，以其深刻的悲剧内涵和强烈的人文关怀在中国文学史上占据重要地位。本研究以《窦娥冤》为切入点，探讨其蕴含的悲剧美学价值，旨在揭示作品中个体命运与社会环境之间的冲突及其对人性的深刻反思。通过文本细读与文化语境分析相结合的研究方法，本文从戏剧结构、人物塑造及情感表达三个维度展开论述，剖析了窦娥这一悲剧形象所承载的社会批判意义和伦理诉求。《窦娥冤》的悲剧美不仅体现在窦娥个人命运的不公与抗争上，更深层次地反映了封建社会制度对人性的压迫以及底层民众的无助与呐喊。本文创新性地将传统戏曲美学与现代悲剧理论相融合，提出“悲剧张力”这一概念，用以阐释作品中正义与邪恶、理想与现实之间的对立统一关系。这一研究成果为理解中国传统戏曲中的悲剧美学提供了新的视角，并拓展了相关领域的理论框架。
关键词：窦娥冤；悲剧美学；社会批判；悲剧张力；人性压迫
Tragic Beauty in "Dou E Yuan"
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
As the representative work of Guan Hanqing, a dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty, Dou E Yuan plays an important role in the history of Chinese literature with its profound tragic connotation and strong humanistic concern. This study takes Dou E Yuan as the starting point to explore its tragic aesthetic value, aiming to reveal the conflict between individual fate and social environment in the work and its profound reflection on human nature. Through the research method of combining the close reading of the text and the analysis of the cultural context, this paper discusses the drama structure, characterization and emotional ex pression from three dimensions, and analyzes the social critical significance and ethical appeals carried by the tragic image of Dou E. The tragic beauty of Dou E Injustice is not only reflected in the injustice and struggle of Dou E's personal fate, but also reflected the oppression of human nature by the feudal social system and the helplessness and cry of the people at the bottom. This paper innovatively integrates traditional opera aesthetics with modern tragedy theory, and puts forward the concept of "tragic tension" to explain the unity of opposites between justice and evil, ideal and reality in the works. This research provides a new perspective for the understanding of tragedy aesthetics in traditional Chinese opera and expands the theoretical fr amework in related fields.
Keywords: Dou E Yuan；Tragic Aesthetics；Social Criticism；Tragic Tension；Human Nature Oppression
目 录
引言 1
一、悲剧美的文化根源 1
(一)元杂剧中的悲剧传统 1
(二)文化语境与悲剧意识 2
二、窦娥形象的悲剧塑造 2
(一)窦娥的性格特征分析 2
(二)不公命运对人物的压迫 3
(三)悲剧冲突中的女性形象 3
三、悲剧情节的艺术表现 4
(一)情节结构的张力构建 4
(二)不公审判的戏剧性呈现 5
(三)天地人三者关系的隐喻 5
四、悲剧美的审美价值 6
(一)悲剧美对观众的情感冲击 6
(二)社会批判与人性反思 6
(三)悲剧美的永恒意义 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
