摘 要
微囊化技术作为一种先进的药物递送系统，近年来在医药领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本研究旨在探讨微囊化技术在药物控释系统中的应用及其优势，通过对比传统给药方式，分析微囊化技术在提高药物生物利用度、延长作用时间、降低毒副作用等方面的独特价值。研究采用乳化交联法、喷雾干燥法等制备微囊，并以阿司匹林、胰岛素等典型药物为模型，考察不同囊材对药物释放行为的影响。实验结果表明，微囊化技术能够有效控制药物释放速率，实现持续稳定的释药效果，显著改善药物的体内分布特性。特别是聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）和海藻酸钠等天然高分子材料表现出优异的生物相容性和可降解性，为临床应用提供了安全可靠的保障。与传统制剂相比，微囊化药物在体内外均显示出更优的药代动力学特征，不仅提高了治疗指数，还降低了给药频率，减少了患者的用药负担。本研究创新性地提出了一种基于响应面法优化微囊制备工艺的新方法，建立了完整的质量评价体系，为微囊化技术的产业化应用奠定了坚实基础，推动了个性化医疗的发展进程。
关键词：微囊化技术；药物控释系统；生物利用度；聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物；响应面法优化
Abstract
Microencapsulation technology, as an advanced drug delivery system, has demonstrated broad application prospects in the pharmaceutical field in recent years. This study aims to investigate the application and advantages of microencapsulation technology in controlled-release systems by comparing it with traditional drug administration methods, analyzing its unique value in improving drug bioavailability, prolonging duration of action, and reducing toxicity and side effects. The research employed emulsification-crosslinking and spray drying methods to prepare microcapsules, using aspirin and insulin as model drugs to examine the influence of different capsule materials on drug release behavior. Experimental results indicated that microencapsulation technology can effectively control drug release rates, achieving sustained and stable drug release effects, significantly improving in vivo drug distribution characteristics. In particular, biodegradable and biocompatible materials such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and sodium alginate exhibited excellent properties, providing a safe and reliable guarantee for clinical applications. Compared with traditional formulations, microencapsulated drugs showed superior pharmacokinetic features both in vitro and in vivo, not only enhancing the therapeutic index but also reducing dosing frequency and alleviating patient medication burden. Innovatively, this study proposed a new method based on response surface methodology to optimize microcapsule preparation processes and established a comprehensive quality evaluation system, laying a solid foundation for industrial application of microencapsulation technology and advancing the development of personalized medicine.
Keywords：Microencapsulation Technology；Drug Controlled Release System；Bioavailability；Polylactic-co-glycolic Acid；Response Surface Methodology Optimization
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 微囊化技术概述 2
1.1 微囊化技术原理 2
1.2 微囊化材料选择 2
1.3 微囊化制备方法 3
第二章 药物控释机制研究 5
2.1 控释原理分析 5
2.2 影响因素探讨 5
2.3 释放动力学模型 6
第三章 微囊化药物的应用领域 7
3.1 口服给药系统 7
3.2 注射给药系统 7
3.3 局部给药系统 8
第四章 微囊化技术的挑战与前景 10
4.1 技术难点剖析 10
4.2 解决方案探索 10
4.3 发展趋势展望 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
