摘 要
药物转运蛋白在药物吸收分布中起着至关重要的作用，其表达和功能状态直接影响药物的体内过程。为深入探究药物转运蛋白对药物吸收分布的影响机制，本研究以多种常见药物转运蛋白为对象，采用分子生物学、药理学及生物信息学等多学科交叉的方法进行系统研究。通过构建特定细胞模型与动物模型，结合体外实验和体内实验，探讨了不同转运蛋白在药物跨膜转运中的具体作用及其调控机制。结果表明，药物转运蛋白不仅能够特异性识别并转运底物药物，而且其表达水平受多种因素调控，在疾病状态下会发生改变从而影响药物的吸收分布。此外，还发现某些转运蛋白之间存在协同或拮抗作用，进一步揭示了药物转运过程中复杂的相互关系。本研究创新性地提出了基于转运蛋白网络的整体研究思路，为理解药物体内行为提供了新视角，有助于优化药物治疗方案，提高药物疗效并减少不良反应，对个体化医疗具有重要意义。
关键词：药物转运蛋白；药物吸收分布；转运蛋白网络；协同拮抗作用；表达调控机制
Abstract
Drug transporters play a crucial role in the absorption and distribution of drugs, with their ex pression and functional status directly impacting the pharmacokinetic processes within the body. To investigate the mechanisms by which drug transporters influence drug absorption and distribution, this study systematically examined multiple common drug transporters using an interdisciplinary approach that integrates molecular biology, pharmacology, and bioinformatics. By constructing specific cell models and animal models, and combining in vitro and in vivo experiments, the study explored the specific roles and regulatory mechanisms of different transporters in drug transmembrane transport. The results demonstrated that drug transporters not only specifically recognize and transport substrate drugs but also have their ex pression levels regulated by various factors, which can alter under disease conditions, thereby affecting drug absorption and distribution. Additionally, certain transporters were found to exhibit synergistic or antagonistic interactions, further elucidating the complex interrelationships during drug transport. This study innovatively proposed an integrative research fr amework based on transporter networks, providing new insights into drug behavior in vivo, which is beneficial for optimizing therapeutic regimens, enhancing drug efficacy, and reducing adverse reactions, thus holding significant implications for personalized medicine.
Keywords：Drug Transporter；Drug Absorption Distribution；Transporter Network；Synergistic Antagonistic Effect；ex pression Regulation Mechanism
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 药物转运蛋白概述 2
1.1 药物转运蛋白分类 2
1.2 结构与功能特性 2
1.3 研究方法进展 3
第二章 药物吸收中的作用 5
2.1 肠道转运机制 5
2.2 影响吸收因素 5
2.3 临床应用实例 6
第三章 药物分布的影响 7
3.1 组织器官特异性 7
3.2 血脑屏障穿越 7
3.3 蛋白结合影响 8
第四章 药物相互作用分析 10
4.1 转运蛋白抑制效应 10
4.2 底物竞争关系 10
4.3 临床用药指导 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
