摘 要
肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康的疾病，传统治疗方法存在疗效有限、毒副作用大等问题。靶向给药系统作为一种新兴的治疗手段，旨在将药物特异性地递送至肿瘤部位，以提高疗效并降低不良反应。本研究综述了近年来靶向给药系统在肿瘤治疗中的应用进展，通过查阅大量国内外相关文献资料，总结分析不同类型靶向给药系统的构建方法、作用机制及其临床前和临床研究结果。研究表明，基于纳米技术的脂质体、聚合物胶束、纳米粒等载体材料能够有效包裹抗肿瘤药物，并借助配体修饰实现对肿瘤细胞的选择性识别与内吞；微环境响应型给药系统可依据肿瘤局部pH值、酶浓度等特殊条件触发药物释放，增强治疗效果；外泌体作为天然来源的递药载体展现出良好的生物相容性和组织穿透能力。这些创新性的给药策略不仅克服了传统疗法的诸多缺陷，在提高药物靶向性、延长血液循环时间、改善药代动力学特征等方面取得显著成效，而且为个性化精准医疗提供了新的思路与方向，有望成为未来肿瘤治疗的重要组成部分。
关键词：肿瘤靶向治疗；纳米给药系统；脂质体；微环境响应型给药；外泌体递药
Abstract
Cancer remains a serious threat to human health, with traditional treatments being limited in efficacy and associated with significant toxic side effects. Targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS), as an emerging therapeutic approach, aim to deliver drugs specifically to tumor sites to enhance therapeutic outcomes while reducing adverse reactions. This study reviews recent advancements in the application of TDDS in cancer therapy, summarizing and analyzing the construction methods, mechanisms of action, and preclinical and clinical research findings of various types of targeted drug delivery systems through extensive review of relevant literature both domestically and internationally. Research indicates that nanotechnology-based carriers such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanoparticles can effectively encapsulate anticancer drugs and achieve selective recognition and internalization of tumor cells via ligand modification; microenvironment-responsive delivery systems can trigger drug release based on specific conditions like local pH levels and enzyme concentrations within tumors, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy; exosomes, as naturally derived drug carriers, exhibit excellent biocompatibility and tissue penetration capability. These innovative drug delivery strategies not only overcome many limitations of conventional therapies but also achieve significant improvements in drug targeting, prolongation of circulation time, and pharmacokinetic characteristics, providing new insights and directions for personalized precision medicine and holding promise to become an integral part of future cancer treatment.
Keywords：Tumor Targeted Therapy；Nano Drug Delivery System；Liposome；Microenvironment Responsive Drug Delivery；Exosome Drug Delivery
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 靶向给药系统概述 2
1.1 靶向给药系统定义与分类 2
1.2 发展历程与研究现状 2
1.3 关键技术与原理 3
第二章 靶向载体材料的研究进展 5
2.1 常用靶向载体材料 5
2.2 新型靶向载体开发 5
2.3 材料安全性评价 6
第三章 靶向机制与递送策略 7
3.1 主动靶向机制研究 7
3.2 被动靶向机制优化 7
3.3 多重靶向联合应用 8
第四章 临床转化与应用前景 10
4.1 临床试验进展分析 10
4.2 治疗效果评估方法 10
4.3 未来发展方向展望 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康的疾病，传统治疗方法存在疗效有限、毒副作用大等问题。靶向给药系统作为一种新兴的治疗手段，旨在将药物特异性地递送至肿瘤部位，以提高疗效并降低不良反应。本研究综述了近年来靶向给药系统在肿瘤治疗中的应用进展，通过查阅大量国内外相关文献资料，总结分析不同类型靶向给药系统的构建方法、作用机制及其临床前和临床研究结果。研究表明，基于纳米技术的脂质体、聚合物胶束、纳米粒等载体材料能够有效包裹抗肿瘤药物，并借助配体修饰实现对肿瘤细胞的选择性识别与内吞；微环境响应型给药系统可依据肿瘤局部pH值、酶浓度等特殊条件触发药物释放，增强治疗效果；外泌体作为天然来源的递药载体展现出良好的生物相容性和组织穿透能力。这些创新性的给药策略不仅克服了传统疗法的诸多缺陷，在提高药物靶向性、延长血液循环时间、改善药代动力学特征等方面取得显著成效，而且为个性化精准医疗提供了新的思路与方向，有望成为未来肿瘤治疗的重要组成部分。
关键词：肿瘤靶向治疗；纳米给药系统；脂质体；微环境响应型给药；外泌体递药
Abstract
Cancer remains a serious threat to human health, with traditional treatments being limited in efficacy and associated with significant toxic side effects. Targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS), as an emerging therapeutic approach, aim to deliver drugs specifically to tumor sites to enhance therapeutic outcomes while reducing adverse reactions. This study reviews recent advancements in the application of TDDS in cancer therapy, summarizing and analyzing the construction methods, mechanisms of action, and preclinical and clinical research findings of various types of targeted drug delivery systems through extensive review of relevant literature both domestically and internationally. Research indicates that nanotechnology-based carriers such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanoparticles can effectively encapsulate anticancer drugs and achieve selective recognition and internalization of tumor cells via ligand modification; microenvironment-responsive delivery systems can trigger drug release based on specific conditions like local pH levels and enzyme concentrations within tumors, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy; exosomes, as naturally derived drug carriers, exhibit excellent biocompatibility and tissue penetration capability. These innovative drug delivery strategies not only overcome many limitations of conventional therapies but also achieve significant improvements in drug targeting, prolongation of circulation time, and pharmacokinetic characteristics, providing new insights and directions for personalized precision medicine and holding promise to become an integral part of future cancer treatment.
Keywords：Tumor Targeted Therapy；Nano Drug Delivery System；Liposome；Microenvironment Responsive Drug Delivery；Exosome Drug Delivery
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 靶向给药系统概述 2
1.1 靶向给药系统定义与分类 2
1.2 发展历程与研究现状 2
1.3 关键技术与原理 3
第二章 靶向载体材料的研究进展 5
2.1 常用靶向载体材料 5
2.2 新型靶向载体开发 5
2.3 材料安全性评价 6
第三章 靶向机制与递送策略 7
3.1 主动靶向机制研究 7
3.2 被动靶向机制优化 7
3.3 多重靶向联合应用 8
第四章 临床转化与应用前景 10
4.1 临床试验进展分析 10
4.2 治疗效果评估方法 10
4.3 未来发展方向展望 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
