药物经济学在社区常见疾病治疗中的应用 -药学专业

摘要

随着我国医疗保障体系不断完善，社区常见疾病治疗面临资源优化配置的需求。本研究旨在探讨药物经济学在社区常见疾病治疗中的应用价值，以实现医疗资源的高效利用并提升患者健康效益。通过对国内外相关文献进行系统综述，并选取具有代表性的社区卫生服务中心作为研究对象，采用成本 - 效果分析、成本 - 效用分析等方法，对高血压、糖尿病等典型慢性病的常用治疗方案进行评价。研究结果表明，在保证疗效的前提下，通过药物经济学评价能够筛选出更具成本 - 效益优势的治疗方案，如某些国产仿制药与进口原研药相比，在长期用药过程中可显著降低患者经济负担且不良反应发生率无明显差异。此外，本研究还发现基于药物经济学原理构建的社区慢病管理路径有助于提高患者的依从性和满意度。本研究创新性地将药物经济学理论应用于社区医疗场景，为基层医疗机构制定合理用药政策提供了科学依据，同时为医保部门调整报销目录及支付标准提供了参考，推动了分级诊疗制度的有效实施，促进了医疗卫生服务模式从“以治病为中心”向“以人民健康为中心”的转变。

关键词：药物经济学；社区常见疾病；成本-效益分析

Abstract

With the continuous improvement of China's medical security system, there is an increasing need for optimizing resource allocation in the treatment of common community diseases. This study aims to explore the application value of pharmacoeconomics in the treatment of common community diseases to achieve efficient utilization of medical resources and enhance patient health benefits. By conducting a systematic review of relevant domestic and international literature and selecting representative community health service centers as research subjects, this study employs methods such as cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-utility analysis to evaluate common treatment regimens for typical chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes. The results indicate that under the premise of ensuring therapeutic effects, pharmacoeconomic evaluation can identify treatment options with greater cost-effectiveness advantages. For instance, certain domestically produced generic drugs compared to imported original drugs can significantly reduce patients' economic burden over long-term use without a significant difference in adverse reaction rates. Additionally, this study finds that constructing community-based chronic disease management pathways based on pharmacoeconomic principles helps improve patient compliance and satisfaction. Innovatively applying pharmacoeconomic theory to community medical scenarios, this research provides a scientific basis for primary healthcare institutions to formulate rational drug policies and offers references for medical insurance departments to adjust reimbursement directories and payment standards, thereby promoting the effective implementation of tiered diagnosis and treatment systems and facilitating the transformation of healthcare service models from "disease-centered" to "people's health-centered."

Keywords：Pharmacoeconomics；Community Common Diseases；Cost-Benefit Analysis

摘要 I

Abstract II

引言 1

第一章药物经济学基础理论与社区应用 2

1.1 药物经济学基本概念 2

1.2 社区医疗的特点分析 2

1.3 经济学原理在社区的应用 3

第二章社区常见疾病治疗成本分析 5

2.1 慢性病治疗成本评估 5

2.2 急性疾病治疗费用研究 5

2.3 成本控制策略探讨 6