电力系统负荷管理中的电价机制研究 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

随着电力市场化改革的推进，电力系统负荷管理面临新的挑战与机遇，合理的电价机制对优化资源配置、提高系统运行效率具有关键作用。本研究旨在探讨适应现代电力系统的电价机制，以实现负荷的有效管理和资源优化配置。基于经济学理论和电力系统运行特性，构建了包含分时电价、实时电价及需求响应电价在内的综合电价模型，并引入智能算法进行求解优化。通过分析不同电价机制下用户用电行为的变化规律，采用仿真模拟方法对比研究传统电价与新型电价机制在削峰填谷、节能减排等方面的效果差异。结果表明，所提出的综合电价模型能够有效引导用户调整用电模式，在降低峰谷差的同时减少碳排放，提高电力系统整体运行效益。创新性地将多类型电价机制有机结合，充分考虑用户响应特性和系统运行约束，为电力市场环境下负荷管理提供了新思路，对促进电力系统可持续发展具有重要理论价值和实际应用意义。

关键词：电价机制负荷管理分时电价

Abstract

With the advancement of electricity market reform, power system load management faces new challenges and opportunities. An appropriate electricity pricing mechanism plays a crucial role in optimizing resource allocation and improving system operational efficiency. This study aims to explore an electricity pricing mechanism suitable for modern power systems to achieve effective load management and resource optimization. Based on economic theory and the operational characteristics of power systems, an integrated electricity pricing model incorporating time-of-use pricing, real-time pricing, and demand response pricing is constructed, and intelligent algorithms are introduced for optimization. By analyzing the changing patterns of consumer behavior under different pricing mechanisms, simulation methods are employed to compare the effects of traditional pricing and the proposed pricing mechanisms in peak shaving, valley filling, and energy conservation. The results indicate that the proposed integrated pricing model can effectively guide consumers to adjust their electricity consumption patterns, reducing peak-to-valley differences and carbon emissions while enhancing the overall operational efficiency of the power system. Innovatively combining multiple types of pricing mechanisms and fully considering consumer response characteristics and system operational constraints, this study provides new insights into load management under the electricity market environment and holds significant theoretical value and practical implications for promoting the sustainable development of power systems.

Keyword:Electricity Price Mechanism Load Management Time-of-use Tariff

1绪论 1

1.1电力系统负荷管理的背景与意义 1

1.2电价机制研究现状综述 1

1.3研究方法与技术路线 2

2电价机制对负荷特性的影响 2

2.1不同电价模式下用户响应分析 2

2.2分时电价对用电行为的影响 3

2.3实时电价与负荷曲线优化 3

3电价机制设计与优化策略 4

3.1电价机制设计原则与目标 4

3.2基于需求响应的电价模型 4