摘 要
电机调速系统作为现代工业控制中的关键环节，其性能直接影响到生产效率和产品质量，而传统控制方法在面对非线性、不确定性和外部扰动时往往难以满足高性能要求。为此，本文基于滑模变结构控制理论，针对电机调速系统的动态特性和鲁棒性问题展开深入研究。研究旨在设计一种能够有效抑制系统不确定性并提升动态响应能力的控制器，以适应复杂工况下的调速需求。通过引入非线性切换函数和自适应律，提出了一种改进的滑模控制器设计方法，该方法不仅克服了传统滑模控制中存在的抖振问题，还显著增强了系统的抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明，所提出的控制策略在负载变化和参数不确定性条件下均表现出优异的跟踪性能和稳定性。与经典PID控制及传统滑模控制相比，新方法在稳态误差、调节时间和抗扰能力等方面均有明显优势。
关键词：滑模变结构控制 电机调速系统 自适应律
Abstract
The motor speed control system, as a critical component in modern industrial control, directly impacts production efficiency and product quality. Traditional control methods often struggle to meet high-performance requirements when dealing with nonlinearity, uncertainty, and external disturbances. To address this, this paper focuses on the dynamic characteristics and robustness of motor speed control systems using sliding mode variable structure control theory. The research aims to design a controller that can effectively suppress system uncertainties and enhance dynamic response capabilities to meet the speed control demands under complex operating conditions. By introducing nonlinear switching functions and adaptive laws, an improved sliding controller design method is proposed. This method not only overcomes the chattering issues present in traditional sliding control but also significantly enhances the system's disturbance rejection capability. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy exhibits excellent tracking performance and stability under load variations and parameter uncertainties. Compared to classical PID control and traditional sliding control, the new method demonstrates significant advantages in steady-state error, regulation time, and disturbance rejection.
Keyword:Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control Motor Speed Regulation System Adaptive Law
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1电机调速系统的研究背景与意义 1
1.2滑模变结构控制的发展现状分析 1
1.3基于滑模控制的电机调速研究方法 2
2滑模变结构控制理论基础 2
2.1滑模控制的基本原理与特性 2
2.2变结构控制的数学模型构建 3
2.3滑模面设计及其稳定性分析 3
2.4控制参数对系统性能的影响研究 4
3电机调速系统的建模与分析 4
3.1电机调速系统的数学模型建立 4
3.2系统动态特性的仿真分析 5
3.3负载扰动对调速系统的影响研究 5
3.4不同工况下的系统响应特性分析 6
4基于滑模控制的电机调速实现 6
4.1滑模控制器的设计与实现方法 6
4.2控制算法在电机调速中的应用研究 7
4.3实验平台搭建与测试方案设计 7
4.4实验结果分析与性能评估 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
