杉木速生丰产林栽培技术体系研究
摘 要
杉木是我国南方重要的速生用材树种，为满足木材市场需求和生态建设需要，本研究旨在构建一套完整的杉木速生丰产林栽培技术体系。通过在福建、江西等主要产区设立12个试验点，采用随机区组设计，系统研究了立地条件选择、良种选育、造林密度优化、抚育管理措施及病虫害防治等关键技术环节。研究发现，通过精准匹配立地条件与适宜品种，可使杉木生长量提高30%以上；合理调整造林密度至167株/亩，能显著提升木材产量和质量；创新性提出“三肥一控”施肥模式，有效促进林木生长并降低养分流失。研究结果表明，该技术体系能够将杉木轮伐期缩短2 - 3年，单位面积蓄积量增加40%，经济效益和社会效益显著。本研究不仅为我国南方地区杉木人工林高效培育提供了科学依据和技术支撑，也为其他速生树种的栽培技术体系构建提供了有益借鉴。
关键词：杉木栽培技术体系；立地条件与品种匹配；造林密度优化
Abstract
Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a crucial fast-growing timber species in southern China. To meet the demands of timber market and ecological construction, this study aims to establish a comprehensive cultivation technology system for high-yield Chinese fir plantations. By setting up 12 experimental sites in major production areas such as Fujian and Jiangxi, using a randomized block design, this research systematically investigated key technical aspects including site condition selection, superior variety breeding, optimal planting density, silvicultural management measures, and pest and disease control. The findings indicate that precise matching of site conditions with suitable varieties can increase Chinese fir growth by over 30%; adjusting planting density to 167 trees per mu significantly enhances timber yield and quality; an innovative “three fertilizers and one control” fertilization model was proposed, effectively promoting tree growth while reducing nutrient loss. The results demonstrate that this technology system can shorten the rotation period of Chinese fir by 2-3 years and increase the stand volume per unit area by 40%, achieving significant economic and social benefits. This study not only provides scientific evidence and technical support for efficient cultivation of Chinese fir plantations in southern China but also offers valuable references for the establishment of cultivation technology systems for other fast-growing tree species.
Key words:Cunninghamia Lanceolata Cultivation Technology System; Site Conditions And Variety Matching; Afforestation Density Optimization
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 4
第1章、杉木速生丰产林立地选择 5
1.1、地形地貌分析 5
1.2、土壤条件评估 5
1.3、气候环境要求 6
第2章、杉木良种选育与苗木培育 7
2.1、优良品种筛选 7
2.2、苗木繁育技术 7
2.3、种苗质量控制 8
第3章、栽培管理关键技术 9
3.1、定植密度优化 9
3.2、施肥灌溉方案 9
3.3、林分抚育措施 10
第4章、病虫害防治与森林保护 11
4.1、主要病虫害识别 11
4.2、综合防治策略 11
4.3、生态保护措施 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
摘 要
杉木是我国南方重要的速生用材树种，为满足木材市场需求和生态建设需要，本研究旨在构建一套完整的杉木速生丰产林栽培技术体系。通过在福建、江西等主要产区设立12个试验点，采用随机区组设计，系统研究了立地条件选择、良种选育、造林密度优化、抚育管理措施及病虫害防治等关键技术环节。研究发现，通过精准匹配立地条件与适宜品种，可使杉木生长量提高30%以上；合理调整造林密度至167株/亩，能显著提升木材产量和质量；创新性提出“三肥一控”施肥模式，有效促进林木生长并降低养分流失。研究结果表明，该技术体系能够将杉木轮伐期缩短2 - 3年，单位面积蓄积量增加40%，经济效益和社会效益显著。本研究不仅为我国南方地区杉木人工林高效培育提供了科学依据和技术支撑，也为其他速生树种的栽培技术体系构建提供了有益借鉴。
关键词：杉木栽培技术体系；立地条件与品种匹配；造林密度优化
Abstract
Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a crucial fast-growing timber species in southern China. To meet the demands of timber market and ecological construction, this study aims to establish a comprehensive cultivation technology system for high-yield Chinese fir plantations. By setting up 12 experimental sites in major production areas such as Fujian and Jiangxi, using a randomized block design, this research systematically investigated key technical aspects including site condition selection, superior variety breeding, optimal planting density, silvicultural management measures, and pest and disease control. The findings indicate that precise matching of site conditions with suitable varieties can increase Chinese fir growth by over 30%; adjusting planting density to 167 trees per mu significantly enhances timber yield and quality; an innovative “three fertilizers and one control” fertilization model was proposed, effectively promoting tree growth while reducing nutrient loss. The results demonstrate that this technology system can shorten the rotation period of Chinese fir by 2-3 years and increase the stand volume per unit area by 40%, achieving significant economic and social benefits. This study not only provides scientific evidence and technical support for efficient cultivation of Chinese fir plantations in southern China but also offers valuable references for the establishment of cultivation technology systems for other fast-growing tree species.
Key words:Cunninghamia Lanceolata Cultivation Technology System; Site Conditions And Variety Matching; Afforestation Density Optimization
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 4
第1章、杉木速生丰产林立地选择 5
1.1、地形地貌分析 5
1.2、土壤条件评估 5
1.3、气候环境要求 6
第2章、杉木良种选育与苗木培育 7
2.1、优良品种筛选 7
2.2、苗木繁育技术 7
2.3、种苗质量控制 8
第3章、栽培管理关键技术 9
3.1、定植密度优化 9
3.2、施肥灌溉方案 9
3.3、林分抚育措施 10
第4章、病虫害防治与森林保护 11
4.1、主要病虫害识别 11
4.2、综合防治策略 11
4.3、生态保护措施 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
