摘 要
高压直流输电系统（HVDC）作为现代电力传输的重要技术，以其大容量、长距离、低损耗等优势，在跨国跨海输电、异步电网互联及可再生能源并网等领域得到广泛应用。然而，随着电网规模的不断扩大和复杂性的增加，HVDC系统的故障检测与保护问题日益凸显。本文围绕高压直流输电系统的故障检测与保护展开深入研究，旨在提高系统运行的可靠性和安全性。本文分析了高压直流输电系统的主要故障类型及其特性。HVDC系统可能遭遇的故障包括但不限于换流阀故障、直流线路故障、交流系统故障以及控制系统故障等。这些故障不仅会影响系统的正常运行，还可能对电网稳定造成威胁。因此，快速准确地检测并隔离故障，是保障HVDC系统安全稳定运行的关键。本文探讨了高压直流输电系统的故障检测方法。基于行波理论、小波变换、人工智能算法等多种技术手段，本文提出了多种有效的故障检测方法。其中，行波法因其检测速度快、定位准确等优点，在HVDC系统故障检测中得到了广泛应用。同时，本文还研究了如何利用故障录波数据、在线监测信息等资源，提高故障检测的准确性和及时性。在故障保护方面，本文深入分析了HVDC系统的保护策略和措施。针对不同类型的故障，本文提出了相应的保护方案，如直流线路的行波保护、微分欠压保护以及换流阀的过流保护等。同时，本文还研究了保护系统的协调配合机制，确保在故障发生时能够迅速、准确地切除故障元件，防止故障扩大。本文总结了高压直流输电系统故障检测与保护的研究成果，并展望了未来的发展方向。随着智能电网技术的不断发展，HVDC系统的故障检测与保护将更加注重智能化、网络化和协同化。通过引入先进的传感器技术、大数据分析、云计算等技术手段，将进一步提高HVDC系统故障检测与保护的自动化水平和智能化程度。
关键词：高压直流输电系统 故障检测 保护策略
Abstract
High voltage direct current transmission system (HVDC), as an important technology of modern power transmission, has been widely used in the fields of transnational trans-sea transmission, asynchronous grid interconnection and renewable energy grid connection due to its advantages of large capacity, long distance and low loss. However, with the continuous expansion of the scale and complexity of the power grid, the problem of fault detection and protection of HVDC system has become increasingly prominent. This paper focuses on the fault detection and protection of HVDC transmission system, aiming at improving the reliability and security of system operation. This paper analyzes the main fault types and characteristics of HVDC transmission systems. HVDC system faults include but are not limited to converter valve faults, DC line faults, AC system faults, and control system faults. These faults will not only affect the normal operation of the system, but also threaten the stability of the power grid. Therefore, rapid and accurate fault detection and isolation is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of HVDC systems. This paper discusses the fault detection method of HVDC transmission system. Based on traveling wave theory, wavelet transform, artificial intelligence algorithm and other technical means, this paper presents a variety of effective fault detection methods. Among them, traveling wave method is widely used in HVDC system fault detection because of its advantages such as fast detection speed and accurate location. At the same time, this paper also studies how to use fault recording data, online monitoring information and other resources to improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault detection. In the aspect of fault protection, this paper deeply analyzes the protection strategies and measures of HVDC system. In view of different types of faults, this paper puts forward the corresponding protection schemes, such as DC line travelling wave protection, differential undervoltage protection and converter valve overcurrent protection. At the same time, the coordination mechanism of the protection system is also studied to ensure that the fault components can be removed quickly and accurately when the fault occurs, so as to prevent the fault from expanding. This paper summarizes the research results of HVDC system fault detection and protection, and looks forward to the future development direction. With the continuous development of smart grid technology, the fault detection and protection of HVDC system will pay more attention to intelligence, networking and collaboration. By introducing advanced sensor technology, big data analysis, cloud computing and other technical means, the automation level and intelligence level of HVDC system fault detection and protection will be further improved.
Keyword:HVDC transmission system Fault detection Protection strategy
目 录
1引言 1
2高压直流输电系统故障检测技术 1
2.1故障类型与特征分析 1
2.2故障检测方法 1
2.3故障检测传感器与监测装置 2
3故障检测与保护的仿真与实验分析 3
3.1仿真模型建立与验证 3
3.2故障情景模拟与分析 3
3.3实验测试与结果讨论 4
3.4仿真与实验的科学性与准确性分析 5
4高压直流输电系统保护策略 5
4.1系统保护原理与要求 5
4.2保护设备与协调策略 6
4.3保护策略优化与实施 6
4.4保护策略的有效性与创新性分析 7
5结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
