摘 要
无功功率优化与电压稳定控制是电力系统运行中的关键问题，直接影响系统的安全性和经济性。随着新能源接入和负荷特性的变化，传统控制方法面临诸多挑战，亟需更高效、智能的解决方案。本研究旨在通过理论分析与仿真验证，提出一种结合人工智能算法与现代控制理论的无功功率优化及电压稳定控制策略。首先，基于灵敏度分析建立了无功功率分布与节点电压之间的数学模型，为优化控制提供了理论基础；其次，引入改进粒子群优化算法对无功功率进行全局优化，显著提升了计算效率和收敛性能；最后，设计了一种自适应电压稳定控制器，能够实时响应系统动态变化并维持电压水平在合理范围内。通过在IEEE标准测试系统上的仿真验证，结果表明所提方法不仅有效降低了网损，还显著增强了系统的电压稳定性。
关键词：无功功率优化 电压稳定控制 粒子群优化算法
Abstract
Reactive power optimization and voltage stability control are the key problems in the operation of the power system, which directly affect the safety and economy of the system. With the change of new energy access and load characteristics, the traditional control methods are facing many challenges, and more efficient and intelligent solutions are urgently needed. This study aims to propose a reactive power optimization and voltage stability control strategy combining artificial intelligence algorithm and modern control theory through theoretical analysis and simulation verification. Firstly, a mathematical model between reactive power distribution and node voltage is established based on sensitivity analysis, which provides a theoretical basis for optimization control; secondly, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the reactive power and significantly improve the calculation efficiency and convergence performance. Finally, an adaptive voltage stability controller is designed to respond to the dynamic changes of the system in real time and maintain the voltage level within a reasonable range. Through the simulation verification on the IEEE standard test system, the proposed method not only effectively reduces the network loss, but also significantly enhances the voltage stability of the system.
Keyword:Reactive Power Optimization Voltage Stability Control Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1无功功率优化的研究背景与意义 1
1.2电压稳定控制的国内外研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2无功功率优化的基础理论与模型 2
2.1电力系统中无功功率的基本概念 2
2.2无功功率优化的数学模型构建 3
2.3优化目标函数的设计与分析 3
2.4约束条件及其对优化的影响 4
3电压稳定控制的关键技术与算法 4
3.1电压稳定性的定义与评估指标 4
3.2基于灵敏度分析的电压控制方法 5
3.3智能算法在电压稳定控制中的应用 5
3.4动态电压稳定的仿真与验证 6
4无功功率优化与电压稳定控制的协同策略 6
4.1协同优化的目标与挑战 6
4.2分布式电源接入对无功优化的影响 7
4.3电压稳定控制与无功补偿的协调机制 7
4.4实际案例分析与效果评价 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
