摘 要
本文深入探讨了自适应控制在机械振动抑制中的应用，旨在通过先进的控制策略有效减少机械设备运行中的振动，提高系统稳定性和工作效率。概述了自适应控制的基本原理及其算法分类，分析了其在振动抑制领域的理论基础与应用潜力。随后，详细剖析了自适应控制在机械振动抑制过程中面临的关键挑战，包括精确系统模型的获取困难、传感器噪声与测量误差、参数估计与收敛速度问题，以及系统鲁棒性与稳定性等。为应对这些挑战，本文提出了一系列优化策略。在系统建模方面，引入数据驱动的系统辨识方法和机器学习技术，以提升模型精度并适应多模态或不确定环境；在传感器配置与信号处理上，通过优化传感器选择与布置、采用预处理技术和降噪滤波算法，提高信号质量。还建议实施综合控制与监测策略，包括建立多变量反馈控制网络、设计自适应故障诊断与隔离模块，以及优化控制律动态调整策略。最后，强调了研发高效稳定的自适应控制算法的重要性，包括采用自适应优化算法、设计鲁棒控制结构及开发在线学习机制等。本文的研究成果为机械振动抑制提供了新的思路和方法，对于提升机械设备性能、延长使用寿命及保障安全生产具有重要意义。
关键词：自适应控制;机械振动抑制;系统建模;控制算法;鲁棒性
Abstract
In this paper, the application of adaptive control in mechanical vibration suppression is deeply discussed, aiming at effectively reducing vibration in mechanical equipment operation and improving system stability and working efficiency through advanced control strategies. The basic principle and algorithm classification of adaptive control are summarized, and its theoretical basis and application potential in vibration suppression field are analyzed. Then, the key challenges faced by adaptive control in the process of mechanical vibration suppression are analyzed in detail, including the difficulty in obtaining accurate system models, sensor noise and measurement errors, parameter estimation and convergence rate problems, and system robustness and stability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a series of optimization strategies. In the aspect of system modeling, data-driven system identification method and machine learning technology are introduced to improve model accuracy and adapt to multi-modal or uncertain environments. In terms of sensor configuration and signal processing, the signal quality is improved by optimizing sensor selection and arrangement, adopting preprocessing technology and noise reduction filtering algorithm. It is also suggested to implement integrated control and monitoring strategy, including setting up multivariable feedback control network, designing adaptive fault diagnosis and isolation module, and optimizing control law dynamic adjustment strategy. Finally, the importance of developing efficient and stable adaptive control algorithm is emphasized, including adopting adaptive optimization algorithm, designing robust control structure and developing online learning mechanism. The research results of this paper provide a new idea and method for mechanical vibration suppression, which is of great significance for improving the performance of mechanical equipment, prolonging the service life and ensuring the safety of production.
Keywords：Adaptive control; Mechanical vibration suppression; System modeling; Control algorithm; robustness
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 自适应控制理论基础 3
1.1 自适应控制的基本原理 3
1.2 自适应控制的算法分类 3
1.3 自适应控制在振动抑制中的理论应用 4
第二章 自适应控制在机械振动抑制中面临的挑战 6
2.1 精确系统模型的获取 6
2.2 传感器噪声和测量误差 6
2.3 参数估计与收敛速度 7
2.4 鲁棒性与稳定性问题 7
第三章 自适应控制在机械振动抑制中的优化策略 8
3.1 加强系统建模与辨识技术 8
3.2 优化传感器配置与信号处理 9
3.3 实施综合控制与监测策略 9
3.4 研发高效稳定的自适应控制算法 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
