摘 要
森林对全球生态平衡至关重要，但其生态环境正面临恶化问题。全球森林类型包括热带雨林和温带森林等，目前正遭受面积减少和生物多样性下降等问题。中国森林覆盖率虽有所提高，但分布不均和利用不合理问题依旧。森林资源主要集中在东北和西南，而华北和西北相对缺乏。人类活动和自然因素如气候变化和自然灾害是导致森林退化的主要原因。森林生态环境恶化导致生物多样性丧失、气候变化加剧、水资源短缺和人类健康威胁。为改善这一状况，需采取加强物种保护、减少温室气体排放、合理调配水资源和防止传染病传播等措施。全社会共同努力是保护森林生态环境的关键。
关键词：森林生态环境；影响因素；改善对策
Abstract
Forests are crucial to the global ecological balance, but their ecological environment is deteriorating. Global forest types, including tropical rainforest and temperate forests, are currently suffering from declining area and biodiversity. Although China's forest coverage rate has increased, the uneven distribution and unreasonable utilization are still problems. Forest resources are mainly concentrated in northeast and southwest, while north and northwest are relatively lacking. Human activities and natural factors such as climate change and natural disasters are the main causes of forest degradation. The deterioration of forest ecological environment leads to the loss of biodiversity, increased climate change, water shortages and human health threats. To improve this situation, measures are needed to strengthen species protection, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, rationally allocate water resources and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. The joint efforts of the whole society are the key to protect the forest ecological environment.
Key words: Forest ecological environment; Influencing factors; Improvement countermeasures
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、森林生态环境恶化相关概述 1
1.1、主要森林类型的分布 1
1.2、森林退化的具体表现 1
第2章、森林生态环境恶化的影响因素分析 1
2.1、人类活动 1
2.2、自然因素 1
2.3、政策与管理 1
2.4、社会文化因素 2
第3章、森林生态环境恶化的生态后果 1
3.1、生物多样性的丧失 1
3.2、气候变化的加剧 1
3.3、水资源的短缺 1
3.4、人类健康的威胁 2
第4章、森林生态环境恶化的改善对策 3
4.1、加强物种保护 3
4.2、减少温室气体排放 3
4.3、合理调配水资源 3
4.4、防止传染病传播 4
结 论 5
参考文献 6
