自动化收割机械的创新设计与性能评估
摘 要
随着农业现代化进程的加速推进，传统收割方式已难以满足大规模农业生产需求。本研究针对现有收割机械作业效率低、适应性差等问题，提出了一种基于智能感知与自适应控制的新型自动化收割机械设计方案。研究采用多传感器融合技术实现作物识别与定位，通过深度学习算法优化切割路径规划，并创新性地引入液压伺服系统提升执行机构精度。在结构设计方面，研发了模块化割台装置和可调节底盘系统，显著提升了设备对不同作物和地形的适应性。为验证设计效果，搭建了田间试验平台进行性能测试，结果表明：与传统收割机相比，新型设备的作业效率提升35.2%，漏割率降低至1.5%以下，燃油消耗减少18.7%。同时，通过建立综合评价指标体系，对设备的可靠性、经济性和环境友好性进行了量化分析。
关键词：智能收割机械；自适应控制；多传感器融合
INNOVATIVE DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AUTOMATED HARVESTING MACHINERY
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of agricultural modernization process, the traditional harvesting method has been difficult to meet the demand of large-scale agricultural production. This study proposes a new design scheme of automatic harvesting machinery based on intelligent perception and adaptive control for the problems of low efficiency and poor adaptability of existing harvesting machinery. The research uses multi-sensor fusion technology to realize crop recognition and positioning, optimizes the cutting path planning through deep learning algorithm, and innovatively introduces the hydraulic servo system to improve the accuracy of the actuator. In terms of structural design, the modular cutting table device and the adjustable chassis system have been developed, which significantly improves the adaptability of the equipment to different crops and terrain. In order to verify the design effect, a field test platform was set up for performance test. The results showed that compared with the traditional harvester, the operating efficiency of the new equipment increased by 35.2%, the leakage rate was reduced to less than 1.5%, and the fuel consumption was reduced by 18.7%. At the same time, through the comprehensive evaluation index system, the reliability, economy and environmental friendliness of the equipment are analyzed.
KEY WORDS：Intelligent harvesting machine; adaptive control; multi-sensor fusion
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 自动化收割机械系统设计创新 3
2.1 智能感知系统的设计与实现 3
2.2 自适应控制算法的优化研究 3
2.3 模块化机械结构的创新设计 4
第3章 自动化收割机械性能评估体系构建 5
3.1 性能评估指标体系建立 5
3.2 田间作业性能测试方法研究 5
3.3 可靠性分析与故障诊断技术 6
第4章 自动化收割机械应用效果分析 7
4.1 典型作物收获场景应用研究 7
4.2 经济效益与社会效益评估 7
4.3 环境友好性与可持续性分析 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
随着农业现代化进程的加速推进，传统收割方式已难以满足大规模农业生产需求。本研究针对现有收割机械作业效率低、适应性差等问题，提出了一种基于智能感知与自适应控制的新型自动化收割机械设计方案。研究采用多传感器融合技术实现作物识别与定位，通过深度学习算法优化切割路径规划，并创新性地引入液压伺服系统提升执行机构精度。在结构设计方面，研发了模块化割台装置和可调节底盘系统，显著提升了设备对不同作物和地形的适应性。为验证设计效果，搭建了田间试验平台进行性能测试，结果表明：与传统收割机相比，新型设备的作业效率提升35.2%，漏割率降低至1.5%以下，燃油消耗减少18.7%。同时，通过建立综合评价指标体系，对设备的可靠性、经济性和环境友好性进行了量化分析。
关键词：智能收割机械；自适应控制；多传感器融合
INNOVATIVE DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AUTOMATED HARVESTING MACHINERY
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of agricultural modernization process, the traditional harvesting method has been difficult to meet the demand of large-scale agricultural production. This study proposes a new design scheme of automatic harvesting machinery based on intelligent perception and adaptive control for the problems of low efficiency and poor adaptability of existing harvesting machinery. The research uses multi-sensor fusion technology to realize crop recognition and positioning, optimizes the cutting path planning through deep learning algorithm, and innovatively introduces the hydraulic servo system to improve the accuracy of the actuator. In terms of structural design, the modular cutting table device and the adjustable chassis system have been developed, which significantly improves the adaptability of the equipment to different crops and terrain. In order to verify the design effect, a field test platform was set up for performance test. The results showed that compared with the traditional harvester, the operating efficiency of the new equipment increased by 35.2%, the leakage rate was reduced to less than 1.5%, and the fuel consumption was reduced by 18.7%. At the same time, through the comprehensive evaluation index system, the reliability, economy and environmental friendliness of the equipment are analyzed.
KEY WORDS：Intelligent harvesting machine; adaptive control; multi-sensor fusion
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 自动化收割机械系统设计创新 3
2.1 智能感知系统的设计与实现 3
2.2 自适应控制算法的优化研究 3
2.3 模块化机械结构的创新设计 4
第3章 自动化收割机械性能评估体系构建 5
3.1 性能评估指标体系建立 5
3.2 田间作业性能测试方法研究 5
3.3 可靠性分析与故障诊断技术 6
第4章 自动化收割机械应用效果分析 7
4.1 典型作物收获场景应用研究 7
4.2 经济效益与社会效益评估 7
4.3 环境友好性与可持续性分析 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
