摘 要
水体富营养化是当前水环境面临的严峻问题，其定义为水体中氮、磷等营养物质过多导致藻类及其他浮游生物迅速繁殖，进而引发水质恶化。该现象具有普遍性、累积性和难治理性等特点，广泛存在于湖泊、水库、河流等水体中。水体富营养化会导致水体颜色变化、透明度降低以及生物大量死亡等严重后果，严重影响水体的生态功能和人类利用。成因方面，生活污水排放、营养物质负荷过重以及水体自净能力下降是主要原因。为修复水体富营养化问题，需采取综合措施，包括推广分散式污水处理技术以减少生活污水直接排放，加强工业废水治理以控制营养物质输入，以及保护水域生态环境以提高水体自净能力。通过这些对策的实施，可以有效缓解水体富营养化问题，恢复水体的生态平衡，保障水资源的可持续利用。
关键词：水体富营养化；自净能力；修复对策
Abstract
Water eutrophication is a severe problem facing the current water environment, which is defined as excessive nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in water leading to the rapid reproduction of algae and other plankton, and then leads to the deterioration of water quality. This phenomenon is universal, cumulative and difficult to control, and widely exists in lakes, reservoirs, rivers and other water bodies. The eutrophication of water bodies will lead to serious consequences such as color change, reduced transparency and a large number of biological deaths, which will seriously affect the ecological function of water bodies and human utilization. In terms of causes, domestic sewage discharge, nutrient overload and the decrease of water self-purification capacity are the main reasons. In order to restore the eutrophication of water bodies, comprehensive measures should be taken, including the promotion of decentralized sewage treatment technology to reduce the direct discharge of domestic sewage, strengthening the treatment of industrial wastewater to control the input of nutrients, and protecting the ecological environment of water areas to improve the self-purification capacity of water bodies. Through the implementation of these countermeasures, the problem of water eutrophication can be effectively alleviated, the ecological balance of water bodies can be restored, and the sustainable utilization of water resources can be guaranteed.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、水体富营养化相关概述 2
1.1、水体富营养化的定义 2
1.2、水体富营养化的特点 2
1.3、水体富营养化的范围 2
第2章、水体富营养化现象表现 4
2.1、水体颜色变化 4
2.2、水体透明度降低 4
2.3、生物死亡 4
第3章、水体富营养化问题的成因分析 6
3.1、生活污水排放 6
3.2、营养物质负荷过重 6
3.3、水体自净能力下降 6
第4章、水体富营养化问题的修复对策 8
4.1、推广分散式污水处理技术 8
4.2、加强工业废水治理 8
4.3、保护水域生态环境 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
水体富营养化是当前水环境面临的严峻问题，其定义为水体中氮、磷等营养物质过多导致藻类及其他浮游生物迅速繁殖，进而引发水质恶化。该现象具有普遍性、累积性和难治理性等特点，广泛存在于湖泊、水库、河流等水体中。水体富营养化会导致水体颜色变化、透明度降低以及生物大量死亡等严重后果，严重影响水体的生态功能和人类利用。成因方面，生活污水排放、营养物质负荷过重以及水体自净能力下降是主要原因。为修复水体富营养化问题，需采取综合措施，包括推广分散式污水处理技术以减少生活污水直接排放，加强工业废水治理以控制营养物质输入，以及保护水域生态环境以提高水体自净能力。通过这些对策的实施，可以有效缓解水体富营养化问题，恢复水体的生态平衡，保障水资源的可持续利用。
关键词：水体富营养化；自净能力；修复对策
Abstract
Water eutrophication is a severe problem facing the current water environment, which is defined as excessive nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in water leading to the rapid reproduction of algae and other plankton, and then leads to the deterioration of water quality. This phenomenon is universal, cumulative and difficult to control, and widely exists in lakes, reservoirs, rivers and other water bodies. The eutrophication of water bodies will lead to serious consequences such as color change, reduced transparency and a large number of biological deaths, which will seriously affect the ecological function of water bodies and human utilization. In terms of causes, domestic sewage discharge, nutrient overload and the decrease of water self-purification capacity are the main reasons. In order to restore the eutrophication of water bodies, comprehensive measures should be taken, including the promotion of decentralized sewage treatment technology to reduce the direct discharge of domestic sewage, strengthening the treatment of industrial wastewater to control the input of nutrients, and protecting the ecological environment of water areas to improve the self-purification capacity of water bodies. Through the implementation of these countermeasures, the problem of water eutrophication can be effectively alleviated, the ecological balance of water bodies can be restored, and the sustainable utilization of water resources can be guaranteed.
Key words: Eutrophication of water body;self-purification capacity;repair countermeasures
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、水体富营养化相关概述 2
1.1、水体富营养化的定义 2
1.2、水体富营养化的特点 2
1.3、水体富营养化的范围 2
第2章、水体富营养化现象表现 4
2.1、水体颜色变化 4
2.2、水体透明度降低 4
2.3、生物死亡 4
第3章、水体富营养化问题的成因分析 6
3.1、生活污水排放 6
3.2、营养物质负荷过重 6
3.3、水体自净能力下降 6
第4章、水体富营养化问题的修复对策 8
4.1、推广分散式污水处理技术 8
4.2、加强工业废水治理 8
4.3、保护水域生态环境 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
