摘 要
固体废物作为现代社会不可避免的产物，其定义涵盖了生产、生活及其他活动中产生的丧失原有利用价值或被抛弃的固态、半固态物质，具有种类繁多、数量庞大、处理难度大等特点，且随着工业化与城市化进程的加快，其产生量持续攀升。城市固体废物的资源化利用不仅关乎资源节约与循环利用，更是提升经济效益、促进环境保护与生态改善的重要途径。然而，当前城市固体废物处理面临诸多技术挑战，包括废物分类不足导致资源回收效率低下，资源化利用技术有限制约了废物的高值化转化，以及焚烧处理技术存在的二次污染与能源回收不充分等问题。为有效应对这些挑战，需完善废物分类收集与运输设施，提高公众参与度；积极推广成熟可靠的资源化利用技术，如生物质能源转化、材料回收再利用等；并优化焚烧工艺，减少环境污染，提升能源利用效率，从而实现城市固体废物从“废物”到“资源”的绿色转型。
关键词：城市固体废物；资源化；无害化处理
Abstract
Solid waste as an inevitable product of modern society, its definition covers the production, life and other activities of the loss of original use value or abandoned solid, semi-solid material, has a wide variety, large quantity, difficult, and with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, its production continues to rise. The resource utilization of urban solid waste is not only related to resource conservation and recycling, but also an important way to improve economic benefits and promote environmental protection and ecological improvement. However, the current urban solid waste treatment faces many technical challenges, including the low efficiency of resource recovery due to insufficient waste classification, the limited resource utilization technology that restricts the high-value transformation of waste, and the secondary pollution and insufficient energy recovery in incineration treatment technology. To effectively address these challenges, it is necessary to improve waste classification collection and transportation facilities to increase public participation; actively promote mature and reliable resource utilization technologies, such as biomass energy conversion and material recycling; and optimize the incineration process to reduce environmental pollution and improve energy efficiency, so as to realize the green transformation of municipal solid waste from "waste" to "resource".
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、固体废物相关概述 2
1.1、固体废物的定义 2
1.2、固体废物的特点 2
1.3、固体废物的产生量 2
第2章、城市固体废物资源化利用的重要性 4
2.1、资源节约与循环利用 4
2.2、经济效益提升 4
2.3、环境保护与生态改善 5
第3章、城市固体废物处理的技术挑战 6
3.1、废物分类不足 6
3.2、资源化利用技术有限 6
3.3、焚烧处理技术瓶颈 7
第4章、城市固体废物资源化利用的策略 8
4.1、完善分类设施 8
4.2、推广成熟利用技术 8
4.3、优化焚烧工艺 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
固体废物作为现代社会不可避免的产物，其定义涵盖了生产、生活及其他活动中产生的丧失原有利用价值或被抛弃的固态、半固态物质，具有种类繁多、数量庞大、处理难度大等特点，且随着工业化与城市化进程的加快，其产生量持续攀升。城市固体废物的资源化利用不仅关乎资源节约与循环利用，更是提升经济效益、促进环境保护与生态改善的重要途径。然而，当前城市固体废物处理面临诸多技术挑战，包括废物分类不足导致资源回收效率低下，资源化利用技术有限制约了废物的高值化转化，以及焚烧处理技术存在的二次污染与能源回收不充分等问题。为有效应对这些挑战，需完善废物分类收集与运输设施，提高公众参与度；积极推广成熟可靠的资源化利用技术，如生物质能源转化、材料回收再利用等；并优化焚烧工艺，减少环境污染，提升能源利用效率，从而实现城市固体废物从“废物”到“资源”的绿色转型。
关键词：城市固体废物；资源化；无害化处理
Abstract
Solid waste as an inevitable product of modern society, its definition covers the production, life and other activities of the loss of original use value or abandoned solid, semi-solid material, has a wide variety, large quantity, difficult, and with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, its production continues to rise. The resource utilization of urban solid waste is not only related to resource conservation and recycling, but also an important way to improve economic benefits and promote environmental protection and ecological improvement. However, the current urban solid waste treatment faces many technical challenges, including the low efficiency of resource recovery due to insufficient waste classification, the limited resource utilization technology that restricts the high-value transformation of waste, and the secondary pollution and insufficient energy recovery in incineration treatment technology. To effectively address these challenges, it is necessary to improve waste classification collection and transportation facilities to increase public participation; actively promote mature and reliable resource utilization technologies, such as biomass energy conversion and material recycling; and optimize the incineration process to reduce environmental pollution and improve energy efficiency, so as to realize the green transformation of municipal solid waste from "waste" to "resource".
Key words: Urban solid waste; resource recycling; harmless treatment
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、固体废物相关概述 2
1.1、固体废物的定义 2
1.2、固体废物的特点 2
1.3、固体废物的产生量 2
第2章、城市固体废物资源化利用的重要性 4
2.1、资源节约与循环利用 4
2.2、经济效益提升 4
2.3、环境保护与生态改善 5
第3章、城市固体废物处理的技术挑战 6
3.1、废物分类不足 6
3.2、资源化利用技术有限 6
3.3、焚烧处理技术瓶颈 7
第4章、城市固体废物资源化利用的策略 8
4.1、完善分类设施 8
4.2、推广成熟利用技术 8
4.3、优化焚烧工艺 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
