摘 要
森林生态系统作为全球生态平衡的重要组成部分，其健康状况直接影响生物多样性和人类福祉。然而，病虫害的频繁发生对森林资源构成了严重威胁。传统化学防治手段虽见效快，但易引发环境污染和抗药性问题，因此探索可持续的防治技术成为研究热点。本研究以生物防治技术为核心，旨在评估其在森林病虫害防治中的应用效果，并探讨其可行性和优势。通过选取典型森林区域进行实地试验，采用微生物制剂、天敌引入和植物源农药等生物防治措施，结合数据分析与对比研究方法，系统分析了不同技术路径的防治效率及生态影响。结果表明，生物防治技术能够显著降低目标害虫种群密度，同时减少对非靶标生物的负面影响，表现出良好的环境友好性和持续控制能力。特别是在综合防治策略下，多种生物防治手段协同作用的效果更为突出。本研究创新性地提出了基于本地生态特征的定制化生物防治方案，为森林病虫害管理提供了科学依据和技术支持，进一步推动了林业可持续发展的实践进程。关键词：森林病虫害; 生物防治技术; 微生物制剂; 天敌引入; 植物源农药
Abstract
Forest ecosystems, as a critical component of global ecological balance, directly influence biodiversity and human well-being through their health status. However, the frequent occurrence of pests and diseases poses a severe threat to forest resources. While traditional chemical control methods are effective in the short term, they often lead to environmental pollution and pesticide resistance, highlighting the need for sustainable control technologies. This study focuses on biological control techniques, aiming to evaluate their application effects in forest pest management and explore their feasibility and advantages. By conducting field trials in typical forest areas, this research employed various biological control measures, including microbial agents, natural enemy introduction, and plant-derived pesticides, combined with data analysis and comparative research methods, to systematically analyze the efficiency and ecological impacts of different technical approaches. The results indicate that biological control techniques can significantly reduce target pest population densities while minimizing adverse effects on non-target organisms, demonstrating excellent environmental compatibility and sustained control capabilities. Notably, under an integrated pest management strategy, the synergistic effects of multiple biological control methods were more pronounced. Innovatively, this study proposes customized biological control solutions based on local ecological characteristics, providing scientific evidence and technical support for forest pest management and further advancing the practical implementation of sustainable forestry development.Key words:Forest Pest Diseases; Biological Control Technology; Microbial Preparations; Natural Enemy Introduction; Plant-Based Pesticides
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、生物防治技术概述 2
1.1、生物防治技术定义与分类 2
1.2、生物防治技术发展历史 2
1.3、生物防治技术在林业中的重要性 3
第2章、森林病虫害防治现状分析 4
2.1、森林病虫害的主要类型 4
2.2、传统防治方法及其局限性 4
2.3、生物防治技术的应用需求 5
第3章、生物防治技术在森林病虫害中的应用效果 6
3.1、天敌引入对害虫控制的效果 6
3.2、微生物制剂的防治作用评估 6
3.3、植物源农药的应用效果分析 7
第4章、生物防治技术推广中的问题与对策 8
4.1、技术推广中的生态风险评估 8
4.2、经济成本与效益分析 8
4.3、政策支持与公众参与的重要性 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
