摘 要
服务贸易自由化作为全球化进程中的重要组成部分，对各国经济结构和就业市场产生了深远影响。本研究以服务贸易自由化为切入点，探讨其对国内就业结构的冲击效应及其内在机制。研究基于2000年至2020年的面板数据，运用引力模型与双重差分法相结合的方法，分析服务贸易自由化程度的变化对不同行业、技能层次就业的影响。结果表明，服务贸易自由化显著改变了国内就业结构，具体表现为高技能岗位需求增加而低技能岗位需求减少，同时服务业内部的就业分化现象加剧。此外，区域经济发展水平和产业结构差异在这一过程中发挥了重要的调节作用。本研究的创新点在于首次将服务贸易自由化的动态变化与就业结构调整进行系统性关联分析，并引入异质性视角考察不同技能群体的差异化响应。
关键词：服务贸易自由化 就业结构 高技能岗位
Abstract
Service trade liberalization, as an essential component of the globalization process, has had profound impacts on the economic structures and job markets of various countries. This study focuses on service trade liberalization to explore its impact on domestic employment structure and its underlying mechanisms. Based on panel data from 2000 to 2020, the study employs a combination of gravity models and difference-in-differences methods to analyze how changes in the degree of service trade liberalization affect employment across different industries and skill levels. The results show that service trade liberalization significantly altered the domestic employment structure, with increased demand for high-skilled positions and decreased demand for low-skilled positions, while also intensifying the occupational differentiation within the service sector. Additionally, regional economic development levels and industrial structure differences played crucial regulatory roles in this process. The innovation of this study lies in systematically linking the dynamic changes in service trade liberalization with employment structure adjustments for the first time, and introducing a heterogeneous perspective to examine the differentiated responses of different skill groups.
Keyword:Service Trade Liberalization Employment Structure High-skilled Position
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1服务贸易自由化的背景与研究意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状综述 1
1.3研究方法与技术路线 2
2服务贸易自由化对就业结构的理论分析 2
2.1服务贸易自由化的概念界定 2
2.2就业结构的基本特征与分类 3
2.3理论框架：服务贸易自由化对就业的影响机制 3
2.4相关经济学模型的应用与解析 4
2.5理论分析的局限性与假设条件 4
3服务贸易自由化对国内就业结构的实证研究 4
3.1数据来源与变量选取 5
3.2实证模型构建与方法选择 5
3.3不同行业就业结构的变化趋势分析 5
3.4区域差异对就业结构冲击的比较研究 6
3.5实证结果解读与政策启示 7
4应对服务贸易自由化冲击的对策研究 7
4.1提升劳动力市场适应能力的策略 7
4.2推动产业结构优化升级的路径 8
4.3加强职业教育与技能培训的作用 8
4.4完善社会保障体系以缓解负面效应 9
4.5国际经验借鉴与本土化应用 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致谢 12
