摘要
随着软件开发模式向敏捷方法的转变，用户故事作为需求表达的核心工具，在软件需求工程中扮演着至关重要的角色本研究以提升用户故事编写质量为目标，深入探讨了用户故事在实际应用中的编写规范与优化策略首先，通过文献综述和案例分析，明确了用户故事在敏捷开发中的关键作用及其当前存在的问题，如表述模糊、覆盖不全及优先级界定不清等其次，基于对多个实际项目的数据采集与分析，提出了一套系统化的用户故事编写框架，该框架结合INVEST原则，从独立性、可协商性、可测试性等多个维度进行细化，并引入量化评估指标以增强其可操作性再次，针对用户故事优化，设计了一种多轮迭代改进机制，结合利益相关者反馈与领域知识图谱，确保故事内容的准确性和完整性最后，通过实验验证表明，所提出的框架和策略能够显著提高用户故事的质量，降低需求变更频率，从而为软件项目的成功实施提供有力支持本研究的主要贡献在于构建了一个兼具理论指导与实践价值的用户故事编写与优化体系，为敏捷开发环境下的需求管理提供了新的思路
关键词：用户故事；敏捷开发；编写规范；优化策略；INVEST原则
Abstract
With the transition of software development models towards agile methods, user stories, as the core tool for requirement ex pression, play a crucial role in software requirements engineering. This study aims to enhance the quality of user story writing by thoroughly investigating the writing standards and optimization strategies of user stories in practical applications. First, through a literature review and case analysis, the critical role of user stories in agile development is clarified, along with the existing issues such as ambiguous statements, incomplete coverage, and unclear priority definitions. Second, based on data collection and analysis from multiple real-world projects, a systematic fr amework for user story writing is proposed, which integrates the INVEST principles and refines them from multiple dimensions including independence, negotiability, and testability, while introducing quantitative evaluation indicators to enhance its operability. Third, for user story optimization, a multi-round iterative improvement mechanism is designed, incorporating stakeholder feedback and domain knowledge graphs to ensure the accuracy and completeness of story content. Finally, experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed fr amework and strategies can significantly improve the quality of user stories, reduce the frequency of requirement changes, and thereby provide strong support for the successful implementation of software projects. The main contribution of this study lies in constructing a system for user story writing and optimization that combines theoretical guidance with practical value, offering new insights into requirement management in agile development environments.
Keywords：User Story; Agile Development; Writing Specification; Optimization Strategy; Invest Principle
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 软件需求工程中用户故事的重要性 1
(二) 用户故事编写与优化的研究现状 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、用户故事编写的核心要素分析 2
(一) 用户角色的定义与分类 2
(二) 功能需求的描述与细化 3
(三) 非功能需求的整合与表达 4
三、用户故事优化的关键策略探讨 4
(一) 故事点估算的改进方法 4
(二) 用户故事优先级排序机制 5
(三) 用户反馈在优化中的作用 5
四、用户故事编写与优化的实际应用案例 6
(一) 案例背景与项目需求分析 6
(二) 用户故事编写的具体实践 7
(三) 优化策略实施的效果评估 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
