摘 要
化工废水处理是当前环境保护领域的关键课题，传统单一工艺难以满足日益严格的排放标准和复杂多变的水质要求。本研究旨在开发一种基于组合工艺的新型化工废水处理技术，以提高处理效率、降低成本并实现资源回收利用。通过对多种物理化学及生物处理方法进行系统集成与优化，构建了“预处理-高级氧化-膜分离-深度处理”的全流程组合工艺体系。该工艺首先采用混凝沉淀法去除悬浮物和大分子有机物，随后通过Fenton氧化反应降解难降解有机污染物，再经超滤膜分离进一步净化水质，最后结合活性炭吸附和离子交换实现深度处理。实验结果表明，该组合工艺对COD、氨氮、总磷等主要污染物的去除率分别达到95%以上，出水水质稳定达标，优于现行国家标准。此外，创新性地引入了智能控制系统，实现了各单元之间的协同优化运行，显著提高了系统的稳定性和经济性。与传统工艺相比，新工艺在处理效率、运行成本和环境效益方面均表现出明显优势。研究表明，该组合工艺不仅能够有效解决化工废水处理难题，还为类似工业废水处理提供了新的思路和技术支持，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
关键词：化工废水处理；组合工艺；高级氧化；膜分离；智能控制
Abstract
Chemical wastewater treatment is a critical issue in the field of environmental protection, as traditional single-process methods struggle to meet increasingly stringent discharge standards and the complex variability of water quality requirements. This study aims to develop an innovative chemical wastewater treatment technology based on integrated processes to enhance treatment efficiency, reduce costs, and enable resource recovery. By systematically integrating and optimizing multiple physicochemical and biological treatment methods, a comprehensive process system comprising "pre-treatment-advanced oxidation-membrane separation-deep treatment" has been established. The process initially employs coagulation sedimentation to remove suspended solids and large molecular organic compounds, followed by Fenton oxidation to degrade refractory organic pollutants. Ultrafiltration membrane separation is then utilized for further water purification, and finally, activated carbon adsorption combined with ion exchange achieves deep treatment. Experimental results demonstrate that this integrated process achieves removal rates exceeding 95% for major pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus, ensuring stable effluent water quality that surpasses current national standards. Additionally, an innovative intelligent control system has been introduced to achieve synergistic optimization among units, significantly improving system stability and economic efficiency. Compared with traditional processes, the new process exhibits distinct advantages in terms of treatment efficiency, operating costs, and environmental benefits. This research indicates that the integrated process not only effectively addresses challenges in chemical wastewater treatment but also provides new insights and technical support for similar industrial wastewater treatments, holding significant theoretical and practical value.
Key Words：Wastewater Treatment Of Chemical Industry；Combined Process；Advanced Oxidation；Membrane Separation；Intelligent Control
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 本文研究方法 2
第2章 化工废水特性及处理需求分析 4
2.1 化工废水的来源与成分 4
2.2 废水处理的技术要求 5
2.3 现有处理工艺的局限性 5
2.4 组合工艺的应用前景 6
第3章 组合工艺技术原理与设计 8
3.1 物理化学组合工艺 8
3.1.1 混凝沉淀法优化 8
3.1.2 气浮分离技术改进 8
3.1.3 过滤吸附材料选择 9
3.1.4 膜分离技术应用 9
3.2 生物处理组合工艺 9
3.2.1 好氧 10
3.2.2 生物膜反应器构建 10
3.2.3 微生物群落调控 10
3.2.4 生物强化技术实施 11
3.3 高级氧化组合工艺 11
3.3.2 光催化氧化反应 12
3.3.3 臭氧氧化过程 12
3.3.4 电化学氧化系统 13
第4章 组合工艺在实际工程中的应用案例分析 14
4.1 工程案例概述 14
4.1.1 某化工园区废水处理 14
4.1.2 石化企业废水治理 14
4.1.3 制药行业废水净化 15
4.1.4 电镀废水综合处理 15
4.2 工艺参数优化 15
4.2.1 温度对处理效果的影响 15
4.2.3 反应时间控制 16
4.2.4 投药量精确计算 16
4.3 成本效益评估 17
4.3.1 设备投资成本 17
4.3.2 运行维护费用 17
4.3.3 能耗水平分析 17
4.3.4 经济效益评价 18
4.4 环境影响评价 18
4.4.1 出水水质达标情况 18
4.4.2 污泥处置方案 19
4.4.3 二次污染防控 19
4.4.4 生态环境改善 19
结 论 20
参考文献 21
致 谢 22
