摘 要
现代汉语语法作为语言学研究的重要领域，其特点与演变规律一直是学术界关注的焦点。本研究基于历史比较语言学和语料库语言学的方法，系统分析了现代汉语语法的特点及其在近现代历史中的演变过程。通过构建大规模语料库并结合定量与定性分析，研究揭示了现代汉语语法在句法结构、词序规则及虚词使用等方面的独特特征，并探讨了社会文化变迁对语法演变的影响机制。研究表明，现代汉语语法在保持简洁性和灵活性的同时，逐渐增强了表达的精确性和逻辑性，这一趋势与书面语规范化及跨文化交流密切相关。研究的创新点在于首次将历时语料与共时分析相结合，提出了“动态语法适应模型”，为理解汉语语法演变提供了新视角。此外，研究结果对汉语教学、语言技术开发及相关理论研究具有重要参考价值，进一步丰富了汉语语法研究的理论框架。
关键词：现代汉语语法；语法演变；动态语法适应模型；语料库语言学；社会文化影响Analysis of the Characteristics and Evolution of Modern Chinese Grammar
英文人名
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Abstract：Modern Chinese grammar, as a significant domain in linguistic research, has consistently been a focal point for its characteristics and evolutionary patterns. This study systematically investigates the features of modern Chinese grammar and its evolution in contemporary history by employing methodologies from historical comparative linguistics and corpus linguistics. Through the construction of a large-scale corpus and the integration of both quantitative and qualitative analyses, the study uncovers unique attributes of modern Chinese grammar in syntactic structures, word order rules, and the usage of function words, while also exploring the influence mechanisms of sociocultural changes on grammatical evolution. The findings indicate that modern Chinese grammar maintains its simplicity and flexibility while progressively enhancing precision and logic in ex pression, a trend closely associated with the standardization of written language and cross-cultural communication. An innovative aspect of this research lies in its first-time combination of diachronic corpora with synchronic analysis, proposing the "Dynamic Grammar Adaptation Model," which offers a novel perspective on understanding the evolution of Chinese grammar. Furthermore, the results hold substantial reference value for Chinese language teaching, language technology development, and related theoretical studies, enriching the theoretical fr amework of Chinese grammar research.
Keywords: Modern Chinese Grammar；Grammatical Evolution；Dynamic Grammar Adaptation Model；Corpus Linguistics；Sociocultural Influence
目 录
引言 1
一、现代汉语语法的基本特点 1
(一)词类划分与功能特征 1
(二)句法结构的主要模式 2
(三)语序规则及其作用 2
二、汉语语法的历史演变轨迹 3
(一)古代汉语向现代汉语的转变 3
(二)词汇语法化的表现形式 3
(三)句法结构的历时变化 4
三、现代汉语语法的社会影响因素 4
(一)方言对普通话语法的影响 4
(二)外来语言的语法渗透 5
(三)社会变迁与语法演变 5
四、当代汉语语法的发展趋势 5
(一)新兴语法现象的分析 6
(二)信息化时代对语法的影响 6
(三)未来语法演变的可能性 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 8
