摘 要：青少年肥胖问题已成为全球性公共卫生挑战，其对生理和心理健康的影响日益受到关注。本研究旨在探讨运动干预在改善青少年肥胖问题中的效果，并评估不同运动模式的适用性和有效性。研究选取了300名年龄在12至16岁之间的肥胖青少年作为研究对象，将其随机分为三组：高强度间歇训练组、中等强度持续运动组和对照组。干预周期为12周，每周进行三次运动训练，每次持续60分钟。通过体脂率、腰围、BMI等生理指标以及心理问卷评估参与者的健康状况变化。结果显示，高强度间歇训练组在降低体脂率和改善心肺功能方面表现更为显著，而中等强度持续运动组则在提高长期依从性和心理状态方面具有优势。与对照组相比，两组干预组均表现出明显的健康改善趋势。本研究创新性地对比了不同运动模式的效果，并结合心理因素分析了运动干预的综合影响，为制定个性化青少年肥胖干预方案提供了科学依据。研究结果表明，合理设计的运动干预能够有效改善青少年肥胖问题，同时强调了运动形式与个体需求匹配的重要性。
关键词：青少年肥胖；运动干预；高强度间歇训练；中等强度持续运动；心理状态
The Efficacy of Exercise Intervention in Addressing Adolescent Obesity
英文人名
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Abstract：Adolescent obesity has become a global public health challenge, with increasing attention being paid to its impacts on both physical and mental health. This study aims to investigate the effects of exercise intervention in addressing adolescent obesity and to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of different exercise modalities. A total of 300 obese adolescents aged 12 to 16 were recruited and randomly divided into three groups: high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and a control group. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks, with three exercise sessions per week, each lasting 60 minutes. Health status changes were assessed through physiological indicators such as body fat percentage, waist circumference, and BMI, as well as psychological questionnaires. The results indicated that the HIIT group showed more significant improvements in reducing body fat percentage and enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas the MICT group demonstrated advantages in promoting long-term adherence and improving psychological well-being. Compared with the control group, both intervention groups exhibited clear trends of health improvement. This study innovatively compares the effects of different exercise modes and integrates psychological factors to analyze the comprehensive impact of exercise intervention, providing scientific evidence for developing personalized adolescent obesity intervention programs. The findings suggest that appropriately designed exercise interventions can effectively address adolescent obesity while emphasizing the importance of matching exercise formats with individual needs.
Keywords: Adolescent Obesity；Exercise Intervention；High-Intensity Interval Training；Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise；Psychological State
目 录
引言 1
一、青少年肥胖问题的现状分析 1
(一)青少年肥胖的流行趋势 1
(二)肥胖对青少年健康的危害 2
(三)当前干预措施的局限性 2
二、运动干预的理论基础与机制探讨 3
(一)运动干预的基本原理 3
(二)运动对代谢功能的影响 3
(三)运动与心理健康的关联 4
三、运动干预方案的设计与实施 4
(一)干预方案的目标设定 4
(二)运动类型与强度的选择 5
(三)实施过程中的关键因素 5
四、运动干预效果的评估与分析 6
(一)体成分变化的测量结果 6
(二)心肺功能的改善情况 6
(三)心理健康水平的变化 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
