摘 要：随着人口老龄化加剧，中老年人健康问题日益受到关注，而游泳作为一种低冲击性有氧运动，可能对改善中老年人身体机能具有显著作用。本研究旨在探讨游泳训练对中老年人身体健康的影响及其潜在机制，为制定科学的运动干预方案提供依据。研究选取了200名45至65岁的中老年人作为受试者，随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组进行为期12周、每周3次、每次60分钟的游泳训练，对照组则维持原有生活方式。通过对比两组在心肺功能、肌肉力量、柔韧性、体脂率及心理健康等方面的指标变化，发现实验组的心肺耐力显著提高，体脂率下降，同时焦虑和抑郁评分明显降低。此外，研究还首次采用代谢组学技术分析了游泳训练对血液代谢物谱的影响，揭示了其对炎症因子和抗氧化能力的调节作用。结果表明，规律性游泳训练不仅能有效改善中老年人的身体健康状况，还能通过优化代谢途径提升整体生理机能。本研究的创新点在于结合多维度评估与代谢组学分析，系统阐释了游泳训练的综合效益，为中老年人群的运动干预提供了理论支持和实践指导。
关键词：中老年人健康；游泳训练；心肺功能；代谢组学；心理健康
The Impact of Swimming Training on Physical Health in Middle-aged and Elderly Individuals: A Research Study
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract：With the intensification of population aging, health issues among middle-aged and older adults have garnered increasing attention. Swimming, as a low-impact aerobic exercise, may play a significant role in improving physical function in this population. This study aimed to investigate the effects of swimming training on the physical health of middle-aged and older adults and its underlying mechanisms, thereby providing evidence for the development of scientific exercise intervention programs. A total of 200 participants aged 45 to 65 were recruited and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent a 12-week swimming training program, exercising three times per week for 60 minutes each session, while the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. By comparing changes in indicators such as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, body fat percentage, and mental health between the two groups, it was found that the experimental group exhibited significantly improved cardiorespiratory endurance and reduced body fat percentage, along with markedly decreased scores for anxiety and depression. Additionally, this study was the first to employ me tabolomics technology to analyze the impact of swimming training on the blood me tabolite profile, revealing its regulatory effects on inflammatory factors and antioxidant capacity. The results demonstrated that regular swimming training not only effectively enhances the physical health status of middle-aged and older adults but also improves overall physiological function by optimizing me tabolic pathways. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of multidimensional assessments with me tabolomics analysis, systematically elucidating the comprehensive benefits of swimming training and providing theoretical support and practical guidance for exercise interventions targeting middle-aged and older populations.
Keywords: Middle-Aged And Elderly Health；Swimming Training；Cardiovascular And Pulmonary Function；me tabolomics；Mental Health
目 录
引言 1
一、游泳训练与中老年人健康概述 1
(一)中老年人健康现状分析 1
(二)游泳运动的特点与优势 2
(三)游泳训练对健康的潜在作用 2
二、游泳训练对中老年人生理指标的影响 3
(一)心血管功能的改善研究 3
(二)肌肉力量与柔韧性的提升 3
(三)代谢水平的变化分析 4
三、游泳训练对中老年人心理状态的作用 4
(一)压力缓解与情绪调节 4
(二)社交互动与心理健康促进 5
(三)自我效能感的提升研究 5
四、游泳训练实施中的关键问题与优化策略 6
(一)训练强度与频率的设计 6
(二)安全性保障措施探讨 6
(三)动机维持与长期参与机制 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
