摘 要
随着全球皮革工业的快速发展，废弃皮革的处理问题日益突出，其不仅占用大量土地资源，还可能对环境造成污染。为解决这一问题并实现资源的高效循环利用，本研究以废弃皮革为主要原料，开发了一种新型再生复合材料。研究旨在通过物理和化学改性手段提升废弃皮革的机械性能与功能性，从而拓展其在建筑、包装及家具等领域的应用范围。具体方法包括对废弃皮革进行粉碎、酸碱预处理以及与多种聚合物基体（如聚乳酸、聚氨酯）复合制备新材料。同时，引入纳米填料（如蒙脱土、氧化石墨烯）进一步优化复合材料的力学强度、热稳定性和阻燃性能。实验结果表明，经过改性后的复合材料表现出优异的综合性能，其拉伸强度较未改性样品提高了约45%，热分解温度提升了30℃以上，且具备良好的加工性能。此外，该材料具有较低的生产成本和较高的环保价值，符合可持续发展理念。本研究的主要创新点在于首次提出了一种基于废弃皮革与纳米增强剂协同作用的复合材料制备工艺，并系统评估了其性能特点与潜在应用场景，为废弃皮革的高值化利用提供了新思路和技术支持。研究成果有望推动皮革废弃物资源化技术的进步，同时为绿色复合材料的设计与开发奠定基础。
关键词：废弃皮革；再生复合材料；纳米增强剂
Abstract
With the rapid development of the global leather industry, the disposal of waste leather has become an increasingly prominent issue, not only occupying substantial land resources but also potentially causing environmental pollution. To address this challenge and achieve efficient recycling of resources, this study develops a novel regenerated composite material primarily using waste leather as the raw material. The aim is to enhance the mechanical properties and functionality of waste leather through physical and chemical modification methods, thereby expanding its application scope in construction, packaging, and furniture industries. Specific approaches include crushing waste leather, subjecting it to acid-base pretreatment, and compounding it with various polymer matrices such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polyurethane (PU) to fabricate new materials. Additionally, nano-fillers like montmorillonite and graphene oxide are incorporated to further optimize the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and flame retardancy of the composites. Experimental results indicate that the modified composites exhibit superior overall performance, with tensile strength increasing by approximately 45% compared to unmodified samples, and the thermal decomposition temperature rising by over 30°C, while maintaining good processability. Moreover, the material features low production costs and high environmental value, aligning with the concept of sustainable development. A key innovation of this study lies in proposing a composite preparation process based on the synergistic effect of waste leather and nano-enhancers, and systematically evaluating its performance characteristics and potential application scenarios, thus providing new insights and technical support for the high-value utilization of waste leather. The research findings are expected to advance the resource recovery technology of leather waste and lay a foundation for the design and development of green composite materials..
Key Words：Abandoned Leather；Regenerated Composite Materials；Nano Reinforcement Agent
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 废弃皮革资源化利用的背景与意义 1
1.2 再生复合材料开发的研究现状分析 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线设计 2
第2章 废弃皮革特性及其预处理研究 3
2.1 废弃皮革的主要成分分析 3
2.2 不同来源废弃皮革的性能差异 3
2.3 废弃皮革预处理的关键技术探讨 4
2.4 预处理对再生材料性能的影响评估 4
2.5 预处理工艺优化方案设计 5
第3章 再生复合材料制备工艺研究 6
3.1 复合材料基体选择与匹配性分析 6
3.2 废弃皮革纤维增强机制研究 6
3.3 制备工艺参数对材料性能的影响 7
3.4 新型制备技术的应用与可行性分析 7
3.5 工艺优化与成本效益评估 8
第4章 再生复合材料性能评价与应用前景 9
4.1 力学性能测试与结果分析 9
4.2 环保性能评估与生命周期分析 9
4.3 再生材料在不同领域的适用性研究 10
4.4 性能改进策略与技术瓶颈突破 10
4.5 市场需求与产业化前景展望 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
