中文摘要：高职院校单独招生考试制度作为我国高等教育多元化招生体系的重要组成部分，近年来在推动职业教育发展和促进教育公平方面发挥了重要作用。然而，该制度在实施过程中仍面临诸多问题，如考试内容与职业需求脱节、评价标准单一化以及区域间资源分配不均衡等。本研究旨在深入探讨这些问题的成因及其对职业教育质量的影响，并提出针对性的改进策略。研究采用文献分析法、问卷调查法和案例研究法相结合的方式，收集了来自全国多个省市的数据，系统分析了当前单独招生考试制度的运行现状及存在的不足。研究发现，考试内容的设计应更加注重实践能力与职业素养的考查，同时需建立多元化的评价体系以适应不同学生的成长需求。此外，通过优化资源配置和加强政策支持，可以有效缩小区域间的发展差距。本研究的创新点在于首次提出了基于职业能力导向的考试改革框架，并构建了多维度评价指标体系，为完善高职院校单独招生考试制度提供了理论依据和实践参考，对推动职业教育高质量发展具有重要意义。
关键词：高职单独招生考试；职业能力导向；多元化评价体系；教育公平；资源配置优化
Abstract：The independent招生 examination system for vocational colleges, as an essential component of China's diversified higher education admission system, has played a significant role in promoting the development of vocational education and advancing educational equity in recent years. Nevertheless, various challenges remain in its implementation, including the disconnect between examination content and vocational demands, the standardization of evaluation criteria, and the uneven distribution of resources across regions. This study aims to explore the underlying causes of these issues and their impact on the quality of vocational education while proposing targeted improvement strategies. By integrating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies, data were collected from multiple provinces and cities nationwide to systematically analyze the current operational status and deficiencies of the independent招生 examination system. The findings indicate that examination content should place greater emphasis on assessing practical skills and professional competence, while a diversified evaluation fr amework is necessary to accommodate the developmental needs of different students. Furthermore, optimizing resource allocation and enhancing policy support can effectively reduce regional disparities in development. A key innovation of this study lies in the proposal of an examination reform fr amework oriented toward vocational competence, along with the construction of a multi-dimensional evaluation index system. These contributions provide both theoretical foundations and practical references for refining the independent招生 examination system for vocational colleges, thereby playing a crucial role in fostering high-quality development in vocational education.
Key words：Higher Vocational Separate Enrollment Examination; Profession Ability Orientation; Diversified Evaluation System; Educational Equity; Resource Allocation Optimization
