摘要
随着全球能源危机和环境污染问题的加剧，电动汽车作为绿色交通的重要发展方向，其核心部件驱动电机的性能优化备受关注。然而，驱动电机在高负载运行时产生的热量可能导致效率下降、寿命缩短甚至失效，因此高效散热设计成为提升电机性能的关键技术之一。本研究旨在通过创新的散热结构设计与优化方法，解决驱动电机在高温工况下的热管理难题。研究采用理论分析、数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方式，首先基于传热学原理构建了电机热网络模型，随后提出了一种集成式液冷散热方案，并通过优化冷却通道几何参数显著提升了散热效率。结果表明，该设计方案可使电机绕组温升降低约25%，同时保持较低的流体阻力，从而有效提高系统的整体能效。此外，研究还开发了一种实时热监控算法，能够准确预测电机关键部位的温度分布，为实际应用提供了可靠保障。本研究的主要贡献在于提出了一种兼顾性能与经济性的散热策略，为电动汽车驱动电机的热管理技术发展提供了新思路，具有重要的工程应用价值。
关键词：电动汽车驱动电机；热管理；集成式液冷散热
Abstract
With the intensification of global energy crises and environmental pollution, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a crucial direction for green transportation, and the performance optimization of their core component, the drive motor, has garnered significant attention. However, the heat generated during high-load operation of drive motors can lead to reduced efficiency, shortened lifespan, and even failure, making efficient thermal management a key technology for enhancing motor performance. This study aims to address the thermal management challenges of drive motors under high-temperature conditions through innovative heat dissipation structure design and optimization methods. By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental validation, a thermal network model of the motor was first established based on the principles of heat transfer. Subsequently, an integrated liquid-cooling solution was proposed, and the geometric parameters of the cooling channels were optimized to significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency. The results demonstrate that this design approach reduces the temperature rise of the motor windings by approximately 25% while maintaining low fluid resistance, thereby effectively enhancing the overall energy efficiency of the system. Additionally, a real-time thermal monitoring algorithm was developed to accurately predict the temperature distribution of critical motor components, providing a reliable guarantee for practical applications. The primary contribution of this research lies in proposing a cost-effective and high-performance thermal management strategy, offering new insights into the development of thermal management technologies for EV drive motors and holding significant engineering application value.
Keywords：Electric Vehicle Drive Motor; Thermal Management; Integrated Liquid Cooling
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 电动汽车驱动电机散热设计的研究背景 1
(二) 高效散热设计的现实意义与挑战 1
(三) 国内外研究现状与技术瓶颈 1
(四) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、驱动电机散热机理分析 2
(一) 热源分布与热量传递路径 2
(二) 散热材料特性及其选择 3
(三) 热管理系统的功能需求 3
(四) 关键参数对散热性能的影响 4
三、高效散热设计方案优化 4
(一) 冷却结构的设计原则 4
(二) 流体动力学在散热中的应用 5
(三) 数值模拟与仿真分析方法 5
(四) 方案优化与验证流程 6
四、实验验证与性能评估 6
(一) 实验平台搭建与测试方法 6
(二) 温度场分布的实验分析 7
(三) 散热效率提升效果评估 7
(四) 设计方案的可靠性与经济性 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
随着全球能源危机和环境污染问题的加剧，电动汽车作为绿色交通的重要发展方向，其核心部件驱动电机的性能优化备受关注。然而，驱动电机在高负载运行时产生的热量可能导致效率下降、寿命缩短甚至失效，因此高效散热设计成为提升电机性能的关键技术之一。本研究旨在通过创新的散热结构设计与优化方法，解决驱动电机在高温工况下的热管理难题。研究采用理论分析、数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方式，首先基于传热学原理构建了电机热网络模型，随后提出了一种集成式液冷散热方案，并通过优化冷却通道几何参数显著提升了散热效率。结果表明，该设计方案可使电机绕组温升降低约25%，同时保持较低的流体阻力，从而有效提高系统的整体能效。此外，研究还开发了一种实时热监控算法，能够准确预测电机关键部位的温度分布，为实际应用提供了可靠保障。本研究的主要贡献在于提出了一种兼顾性能与经济性的散热策略，为电动汽车驱动电机的热管理技术发展提供了新思路，具有重要的工程应用价值。
关键词：电动汽车驱动电机；热管理；集成式液冷散热
Abstract
With the intensification of global energy crises and environmental pollution, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a crucial direction for green transportation, and the performance optimization of their core component, the drive motor, has garnered significant attention. However, the heat generated during high-load operation of drive motors can lead to reduced efficiency, shortened lifespan, and even failure, making efficient thermal management a key technology for enhancing motor performance. This study aims to address the thermal management challenges of drive motors under high-temperature conditions through innovative heat dissipation structure design and optimization methods. By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental validation, a thermal network model of the motor was first established based on the principles of heat transfer. Subsequently, an integrated liquid-cooling solution was proposed, and the geometric parameters of the cooling channels were optimized to significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency. The results demonstrate that this design approach reduces the temperature rise of the motor windings by approximately 25% while maintaining low fluid resistance, thereby effectively enhancing the overall energy efficiency of the system. Additionally, a real-time thermal monitoring algorithm was developed to accurately predict the temperature distribution of critical motor components, providing a reliable guarantee for practical applications. The primary contribution of this research lies in proposing a cost-effective and high-performance thermal management strategy, offering new insights into the development of thermal management technologies for EV drive motors and holding significant engineering application value.
Keywords：Electric Vehicle Drive Motor; Thermal Management; Integrated Liquid Cooling
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 电动汽车驱动电机散热设计的研究背景 1
(二) 高效散热设计的现实意义与挑战 1
(三) 国内外研究现状与技术瓶颈 1
(四) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、驱动电机散热机理分析 2
(一) 热源分布与热量传递路径 2
(二) 散热材料特性及其选择 3
(三) 热管理系统的功能需求 3
(四) 关键参数对散热性能的影响 4
三、高效散热设计方案优化 4
(一) 冷却结构的设计原则 4
(二) 流体动力学在散热中的应用 5
(三) 数值模拟与仿真分析方法 5
(四) 方案优化与验证流程 6
四、实验验证与性能评估 6
(一) 实验平台搭建与测试方法 6
(二) 温度场分布的实验分析 7
(三) 散热效率提升效果评估 7
(四) 设计方案的可靠性与经济性 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
