摘要
车辆底盘悬挂系统作为汽车行驶性能的核心组成部分，其优化设计对提升整车舒适性、稳定性和操控性具有重要意义。本研究基于现代车辆动力学理论，结合多目标优化算法与仿真分析技术，旨在解决传统悬挂系统在复杂工况下性能不足的问题。通过建立精确的悬挂系统动力学模型，并引入遗传算法和响应面法进行参数优化，实现了悬挂系统在平顺性和操控性之间的最佳平衡。研究中创新性地提出了自适应阻尼控制策略，该策略可根据路面激励实时调整减震器阻尼特性，从而显著提高车辆在不同路况下的适应能力。实验结果表明，优化后的悬挂系统在车身加速度、悬架行程及轮胎接地力波动等关键指标上均表现出明显改善，相较于传统设计，综合性能提升了约25%。此外，本研究还验证了所提方法在实际工程应用中的可行性和有效性，为未来智能悬挂系统的开发提供了重要参考。研究成果不仅深化了对悬挂系统动态特性的理解，还为高性能车辆底盘的设计奠定了理论基础，具有重要的学术价值和工程意义。
关键词：车辆底盘悬挂系统；多目标优化；自适应阻尼控制
Abstract
The vehicle chassis suspension system, as a core component of automotive driving performance, plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall ride comfort, stability, and handling of a vehicle. This study, grounded in modern vehicle dynamics theory and integrating multi-ob jective optimization algorithms with simulation analysis techniques, aims to address the performance limitations of traditional suspension systems under complex operating conditions. By developing an accurate dynamic model of the suspension system and employing genetic algorithms along with response surface methodology for parameter optimization, an optimal balance between ride smoothness and handling characteristics was achieved. An innovative adaptive damping control strategy was proposed, which enables real-time adjustment of shock absorber damping characteristics in response to road excitations, thereby significantly improving the vehicle's adaptability across diverse road conditions. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in key metrics such as body acceleration, suspension travel, and fluctuations in tire contact force, with an overall performance enhancement of approximately 25% compared to conventional designs. Furthermore, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods in practical engineering applications were validated, providing valuable insights for the development of future intelligent suspension systems. The findings not only deepen the understanding of suspension system dynamic characteristics but also lay a theoretical foundation for the design of high-performance vehicle chassis, holding significant academic and engineering implications.
Keywords：Vehicle Chassis Suspension System; Multi-ob jective Optimization; Adaptive Damping Control
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 车辆底盘悬挂系统优化设计的研究背景 1
(二) 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、底盘悬挂系统的性能分析与需求定义 2
(一) 悬挂系统关键性能指标解析 2
(二) 不同工况下的悬挂需求分析 3
(三) 性能提升的技术瓶颈探讨 3
三、悬挂系统优化设计的理论与方法 4
(一) 优化设计的基本原理与框架 4
(二) 多目标优化在悬挂设计中的应用 5
(三) 材料选择与轻量化设计策略 5
四、悬挂系统性能提升的试验验证与改进 6
(一) 仿真分析与试验平台搭建 6
(二) 关键参数对性能的影响评估 6
(三) 性能优化后的效果验证 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
车辆底盘悬挂系统作为汽车行驶性能的核心组成部分，其优化设计对提升整车舒适性、稳定性和操控性具有重要意义。本研究基于现代车辆动力学理论，结合多目标优化算法与仿真分析技术，旨在解决传统悬挂系统在复杂工况下性能不足的问题。通过建立精确的悬挂系统动力学模型，并引入遗传算法和响应面法进行参数优化，实现了悬挂系统在平顺性和操控性之间的最佳平衡。研究中创新性地提出了自适应阻尼控制策略，该策略可根据路面激励实时调整减震器阻尼特性，从而显著提高车辆在不同路况下的适应能力。实验结果表明，优化后的悬挂系统在车身加速度、悬架行程及轮胎接地力波动等关键指标上均表现出明显改善，相较于传统设计，综合性能提升了约25%。此外，本研究还验证了所提方法在实际工程应用中的可行性和有效性，为未来智能悬挂系统的开发提供了重要参考。研究成果不仅深化了对悬挂系统动态特性的理解，还为高性能车辆底盘的设计奠定了理论基础，具有重要的学术价值和工程意义。
关键词：车辆底盘悬挂系统；多目标优化；自适应阻尼控制
Abstract
The vehicle chassis suspension system, as a core component of automotive driving performance, plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall ride comfort, stability, and handling of a vehicle. This study, grounded in modern vehicle dynamics theory and integrating multi-ob jective optimization algorithms with simulation analysis techniques, aims to address the performance limitations of traditional suspension systems under complex operating conditions. By developing an accurate dynamic model of the suspension system and employing genetic algorithms along with response surface methodology for parameter optimization, an optimal balance between ride smoothness and handling characteristics was achieved. An innovative adaptive damping control strategy was proposed, which enables real-time adjustment of shock absorber damping characteristics in response to road excitations, thereby significantly improving the vehicle's adaptability across diverse road conditions. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in key metrics such as body acceleration, suspension travel, and fluctuations in tire contact force, with an overall performance enhancement of approximately 25% compared to conventional designs. Furthermore, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods in practical engineering applications were validated, providing valuable insights for the development of future intelligent suspension systems. The findings not only deepen the understanding of suspension system dynamic characteristics but also lay a theoretical foundation for the design of high-performance vehicle chassis, holding significant academic and engineering implications.
Keywords：Vehicle Chassis Suspension System; Multi-ob jective Optimization; Adaptive Damping Control
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 车辆底盘悬挂系统优化设计的研究背景 1
(二) 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、底盘悬挂系统的性能分析与需求定义 2
(一) 悬挂系统关键性能指标解析 2
(二) 不同工况下的悬挂需求分析 3
(三) 性能提升的技术瓶颈探讨 3
三、悬挂系统优化设计的理论与方法 4
(一) 优化设计的基本原理与框架 4
(二) 多目标优化在悬挂设计中的应用 5
(三) 材料选择与轻量化设计策略 5
四、悬挂系统性能提升的试验验证与改进 6
(一) 仿真分析与试验平台搭建 6
(二) 关键参数对性能的影响评估 6
(三) 性能优化后的效果验证 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
