摘 要
糖尿病足溃疡是糖尿病患者常见的严重并发症，严重影响患者生活质量并增加医疗负担。为探讨有效的预防与护理策略，本研究旨在分析糖尿病足溃疡的发生机制、危险因素及现有护理模式的不足，提出系统化、个性化的综合护理方案。通过文献回顾和临床调研相结合的方法，选取某三甲医院内分泌科2019 - 2022年收治的356例糖尿病足患者作为研究对象，对其病史资料进行统计分析，并对其中120例接受新型护理干预的患者进行为期一年的跟踪观察。结果显示，经过系统的风险评估、早期预警、个性化护理干预以及多学科协作管理，患者足部溃疡发生率从28.3%降至14.7%，溃疡愈合时间缩短约30%，截肢率降低至3.5%，患者满意度显著提升。本研究创新性地引入了基于物联网技术的远程监测系统，实现了对高危患者的实时动态监控；同时建立了以患者为中心的多学科联合诊疗模式，强调个体化护理方案的制定与实施，为糖尿病足溃疡的防治提供了新的思路和方法，具有重要的临床应用价值和社会意义。
关键词：糖尿病足溃疡；个性化护理干预；多学科协作管理；远程监测系统；溃疡愈合时间
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers are a common and severe complication among diabetic patients, significantly impairing their quality of life and increasing the medical burden. To explore effective preventive and nursing strategies, this study aims to analyze the pathogenesis, risk factors, and inadequacies of existing care models for diabetic foot ulcers, proposing a comprehensive, individualized care plan. By integrating literature review and clinical surveys, 356 diabetic foot patients admitted to the endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital from 2019 to 2022 were selected as research subjects, with their medical history data statistically analyzed. Among them, 120 patients who received novel nursing interventions were followed up for one year. The results demonstrated that through systematic risk assessment, early warning, personalized nursing interventions, and multidisciplinary collaborative management, the incidence of foot ulcers decreased from 28.3% to 14.7%, ulcer healing time was reduced by approximately 30%, and the amputation rate dropped to 3.5%, with significant improvement in patient satisfaction. This study innovatively introduced an Internet of Things (IoT)-based remote monitoring system, achieving real-time dynamic surveillance of high-risk patients. Simultaneously, it established a patient-centered multidisciplinary joint diagnosis and treatment model, emphasizing the formulation and implementation of individualized care plans, providing new insights and methods for the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, which holds important clinical application value and social significance.
Keywords：Diabetic Foot Ulcer；Personalized Nursing Intervention；Multidisciplinary Collaborative Management；Remote Monitoring System；Ulcer Healing Time
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 糖尿病足溃疡的流行病学特征 2
1.1 发病率与患病率分析 2
1.2 危险因素评估 2
1.3 并发症及其影响 3
第二章 糖尿病足溃疡的预防策略 4
2.1 血糖控制的重要性 4
2.2 足部日常护理措施 4
2.3 定期筛查与监测 5
第三章 糖尿病足溃疡的护理干预 7
3.1 伤口处理与换药 7
3.2 感染防控措施 7
3.3 疼痛管理方法 8
第四章 综合管理与康复支持 10
4.1 多学科协作模式 10
4.2 患者教育与自我管理 10
4.3 康复训练与功能恢复 11
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
