摘 要
随着城市化进程加快，生活污水排放量不断增加，传统污水处理方式面临资源浪费和环境压力双重挑战。本研究旨在探索生活污水处理过程中的资源回收技术，通过构建集成式资源回收系统，实现水资源、能源及营养物质的高效回收利用。采用实验室模拟与现场试验相结合的方法，选取典型生活污水为研究对象，运用膜分离、厌氧发酵、高级氧化等先进技术手段，对污水中有机物、氮磷等关键成分进行定向转化与回收。研究结果表明，所构建的集成系统能够有效去除污水中90%以上的污染物，同时实现污泥减量化70%，并成功从污水中回收了可用于农业灌溉的优质再生水以及富含有机质的固体肥料。创新性地提出了基于微生物燃料电池的污水能量自给模式，实现了处理过程的部分能量自给，降低了运行成本。该研究不仅为解决我国当前面临的水环境污染问题提供了新的思路和技术支持，也为全球范围内的污水处理与资源循环利用提供了有益借鉴，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
关键词：生活污水处理 资源回收技术 膜分离
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, the volume of domestic wastewater discharge has been increasing, posing dual challenges of resource wastage and environmental pressure to traditional wastewater treatment methods. This study aims to explore resource recovery technologies in domestic wastewater treatment by constructing an integrated resource recovery system to achieve efficient recycling of water, energy, and nutrients. Combining laboratory simulations with field trials, this research focuses on typical domestic wastewater using advanced techniques such as membrane separation, anaerobic fermentation, and advanced oxidation to selectively transform and recover key components like organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the wastewater. The results demonstrate that the constructed integrated system can effectively remove over 90% of pollutants from the wastewater while achieving a 70% reduction in sludge volume, and successfully recovering high-quality reclaimed water suitable for agricultural irrigation and nutrient-rich solid fertilizers. Innovatively, this study proposes a wastewater energy self-sufficiency model based on microbial fuel cells, achieving partial energy self-sufficiency during the treatment process and reducing operational costs. This research not only provides new ideas and technical support for addressing China's current water pollution issues but also offers valuable references for wastewater treatment and resource recycling globally, highlighting significant theoretical and practical implications.
Keyword:Wastewater Treatment Resource Recovery Technology Membrane Separation
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1生活污水处理与资源回收的背景 1
1.2国内外研究现状综述 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2资源回收技术原理 2
2.1污水处理中的物质流分析 2
2.2主要资源回收途径探讨 3
2.3关键技术原理与机制 3
3现有资源回收技术评价 4
3.1物理法资源回收技术 4
3.2化学法资源回收技术 4
3.3生物法资源回收技术 5
4资源回收技术优化策略 5
4.1技术集成与系统优化 5
4.2新型材料的应用探索 6
4.3经济效益与环境效益分析 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
随着城市化进程加快，生活污水排放量不断增加，传统污水处理方式面临资源浪费和环境压力双重挑战。本研究旨在探索生活污水处理过程中的资源回收技术，通过构建集成式资源回收系统，实现水资源、能源及营养物质的高效回收利用。采用实验室模拟与现场试验相结合的方法，选取典型生活污水为研究对象，运用膜分离、厌氧发酵、高级氧化等先进技术手段，对污水中有机物、氮磷等关键成分进行定向转化与回收。研究结果表明，所构建的集成系统能够有效去除污水中90%以上的污染物，同时实现污泥减量化70%，并成功从污水中回收了可用于农业灌溉的优质再生水以及富含有机质的固体肥料。创新性地提出了基于微生物燃料电池的污水能量自给模式，实现了处理过程的部分能量自给，降低了运行成本。该研究不仅为解决我国当前面临的水环境污染问题提供了新的思路和技术支持，也为全球范围内的污水处理与资源循环利用提供了有益借鉴，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
关键词：生活污水处理 资源回收技术 膜分离
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, the volume of domestic wastewater discharge has been increasing, posing dual challenges of resource wastage and environmental pressure to traditional wastewater treatment methods. This study aims to explore resource recovery technologies in domestic wastewater treatment by constructing an integrated resource recovery system to achieve efficient recycling of water, energy, and nutrients. Combining laboratory simulations with field trials, this research focuses on typical domestic wastewater using advanced techniques such as membrane separation, anaerobic fermentation, and advanced oxidation to selectively transform and recover key components like organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the wastewater. The results demonstrate that the constructed integrated system can effectively remove over 90% of pollutants from the wastewater while achieving a 70% reduction in sludge volume, and successfully recovering high-quality reclaimed water suitable for agricultural irrigation and nutrient-rich solid fertilizers. Innovatively, this study proposes a wastewater energy self-sufficiency model based on microbial fuel cells, achieving partial energy self-sufficiency during the treatment process and reducing operational costs. This research not only provides new ideas and technical support for addressing China's current water pollution issues but also offers valuable references for wastewater treatment and resource recycling globally, highlighting significant theoretical and practical implications.
Keyword:Wastewater Treatment Resource Recovery Technology Membrane Separation
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1生活污水处理与资源回收的背景 1
1.2国内外研究现状综述 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2资源回收技术原理 2
2.1污水处理中的物质流分析 2
2.2主要资源回收途径探讨 3
2.3关键技术原理与机制 3
3现有资源回收技术评价 4
3.1物理法资源回收技术 4
3.2化学法资源回收技术 4
3.3生物法资源回收技术 5
4资源回收技术优化策略 5
4.1技术集成与系统优化 5
4.2新型材料的应用探索 6
4.3经济效益与环境效益分析 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
