摘 要
靶向药物递送系统是现代生物医药领域的重要研究方向，基于纳米技术的靶向药物递送系统因其独特的优势而备受关注。传统药物递送方式存在药物利用率低、毒副作用大等问题，而纳米技术能够构建具有高载药量、良好生物相容性及靶向性的递送载体。本研究旨在利用纳米技术开发新型靶向药物递送系统，以提高药物治疗效果并降低不良反应。通过将特定配体修饰于纳米载体表面，实现对病变细胞的选择性识别与结合，从而提高药物在靶部位的富集程度。采用多种纳米材料如脂质体、聚合物纳米粒等作为载体，并运用化学合成、物理制备等方法制备了不同类型的靶向纳米药物递送系统。实验结果表明，所构建的靶向纳米药物递送系统能够有效提高药物在靶部位的浓度，延长药物作用时间，增强治疗效果，同时显著降低对正常组织的毒性。此外，该系统还表现出良好的稳定性，在体内循环过程中不易被清除。本研究创新性地引入智能响应型设计，使纳米载体能够在特定微环境刺激下释放药物，进一步提高了靶向性和安全性，为肿瘤等重大疾病的精准治疗提供了新思路和新方法，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
关键词：靶向药物递送系统；纳米技术；智能响应型设计；脂质体；聚合物纳米粒
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery systems represent a critical research direction in modern biomedicine, with nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery systems receiving considerable attention due to their unique advantages. Conventional drug delivery methods suffer from low drug utilization and significant toxicity, whereas nanotechnology can construct delivery carriers with high drug loading capacity, excellent biocompatibility, and targeting capability. This study aims to develop novel targeted drug delivery systems using nanotechnology to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse reactions. By modifying specific ligands on the surface of nanocarriers, selective recognition and binding to diseased cells are achieved, thereby increasing drug accumulation at target sites. Various nanomaterials such as liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles were employed as carriers, and different types of targeted nano-drug delivery systems were prepared using chemical synthesis and physical preparation methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the constructed targeted nano-drug delivery systems effectively increase drug concentration at target sites, prolong drug action time, enhance therapeutic effects, and significantly reduce toxicity to normal tissues. Additionally, the system exhibits excellent stability and is not easily cleared during circulation in vivo. Innovatively, this study introduces smart responsive design, enabling nanocarriers to release drugs under specific microenvironmental stimuli, further improving targeting and safety. This provides new ideas and methods for precision treatment of major diseases such as cancer, offering important theoretical significance and application value.
Keywords：Targeted Drug Delivery System；Nanotechnology；Smart Responsive Design；Liposomes；Polymeric Nanoparticles
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 纳米技术与靶向药物递送基础 2
1.1 纳米技术概述 2
1.2 靶向药物递送原理 2
1.3 关键技术挑战分析 3
第二章 纳米载体材料研究 5
2.1 常用纳米材料特性 5
2.2 材料生物相容性评价 5
2.3 纳米载体稳定性优化 6
第三章 靆向机制与细胞相互作用 8
3.1 表面修饰与识别 8
3.2 细胞摄取途径分析 8
3.3 体内分布特征研究 9
第四章 应用进展与前景展望 11
4.1 肿瘤治疗应用案例 11
4.2 临床转化面临问题 11
4.3 未来发展方向探讨 12
结 论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
