自走式喷药机喷杆结构优化设计
摘 要
自走式喷药机作为现代农业植保作业的重要装备，其喷杆结构直接影响农药喷洒效果和作业效率。本研究针对现有喷杆结构存在的稳定性差、雾滴分布不均等问题，以优化设计自走式喷药机喷杆结构为目标，采用理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法，基于流体力学和结构力学原理，建立了喷杆结构的数学模型，通过有限元分析对喷杆在不同工况下的受力情况进行模拟计算，确定了关键结构参数对喷洒性能的影响规律。在此基础上，提出了一种新型喷杆结构设计方案，该方案创新性地引入了可调式支撑装置和柔性连接件，有效提高了喷杆的稳定性和适应性。经田间试验验证，优化后的喷杆结构使雾滴沉积均匀度提高了25%，喷洒宽度增加了10%，且在复杂地形条件下仍能保持良好的工作状态，显著提升了自走式喷药机的整体作业性能，为同类设备的设计提供了新的思路和技术支持。
关键词：自走式喷药机；喷杆结构优化；雾滴分布均匀性
OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF BOOM STRUCTURE FOR SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYER
ABSTRACT
Self-propelled sprayers, as essential equipment for modern agricultural plant protection operations, have their spray boom structures directly impacting pesticide application effectiveness and operational efficiency. This study addresses the issues of poor stability and uneven droplet distribution in existing spray boom structures, aiming to optimize the design of self-propelled sprayer booms. By integrating theoretical analysis with experimental research, and based on principles of fluid mechanics and structural mechanics, a mathematical model of the spray boom structure was established. Finite element analysis was employed to simulate and calculate the force conditions of the spray boom under different operating conditions, determining the influence patterns of key structural parameters on spraying performance. On this foundation, a novel spray boom design incorporating adjustable support devices and flexible connectors was proposed, effectively enhancing the stability and adaptability of the spray boom. Field trials confirmed that the optimized spray boom structure increased droplet deposition uniformity by 25%, extended the spraying width by 10%, and maintained excellent working conditions even in complex terrains, significantly improving the overall operational performance of self-propelled sprayers. This research provides new insights and technical support for the design of similar equipment.
KEY WORDS：Self-Propelled Sprayer；Boom Structure Optimization；Droplet Distribution Uniformity
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 自走式喷药机喷杆研究背景与意义 1
1.2 喷杆结构优化设计的研究现状 1
第二章 喷杆结构力学性能分析 3
2.1 喷杆受力情况建模 3
2.2 力学仿真与实验验证 3
2.3 结构强度与刚度优化 4
第三章 喷杆布局与喷洒均匀性优化 5
3.1 喷头分布对喷洒效果的影响 5
3.2 喷杆姿态调整机制设计 5
3.3 均匀性测试与改进方案 6
第四章 喷杆减振与稳定性提升 7
4.1 振动源分析与控制策略 7
4.2 减振结构设计与参数优化 7
4.3 稳定性测试与效果评估 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
自走式喷药机作为现代农业植保作业的重要装备，其喷杆结构直接影响农药喷洒效果和作业效率。本研究针对现有喷杆结构存在的稳定性差、雾滴分布不均等问题，以优化设计自走式喷药机喷杆结构为目标，采用理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法，基于流体力学和结构力学原理，建立了喷杆结构的数学模型，通过有限元分析对喷杆在不同工况下的受力情况进行模拟计算，确定了关键结构参数对喷洒性能的影响规律。在此基础上，提出了一种新型喷杆结构设计方案，该方案创新性地引入了可调式支撑装置和柔性连接件，有效提高了喷杆的稳定性和适应性。经田间试验验证，优化后的喷杆结构使雾滴沉积均匀度提高了25%，喷洒宽度增加了10%，且在复杂地形条件下仍能保持良好的工作状态，显著提升了自走式喷药机的整体作业性能，为同类设备的设计提供了新的思路和技术支持。
关键词：自走式喷药机；喷杆结构优化；雾滴分布均匀性
OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF BOOM STRUCTURE FOR SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYER
ABSTRACT
Self-propelled sprayers, as essential equipment for modern agricultural plant protection operations, have their spray boom structures directly impacting pesticide application effectiveness and operational efficiency. This study addresses the issues of poor stability and uneven droplet distribution in existing spray boom structures, aiming to optimize the design of self-propelled sprayer booms. By integrating theoretical analysis with experimental research, and based on principles of fluid mechanics and structural mechanics, a mathematical model of the spray boom structure was established. Finite element analysis was employed to simulate and calculate the force conditions of the spray boom under different operating conditions, determining the influence patterns of key structural parameters on spraying performance. On this foundation, a novel spray boom design incorporating adjustable support devices and flexible connectors was proposed, effectively enhancing the stability and adaptability of the spray boom. Field trials confirmed that the optimized spray boom structure increased droplet deposition uniformity by 25%, extended the spraying width by 10%, and maintained excellent working conditions even in complex terrains, significantly improving the overall operational performance of self-propelled sprayers. This research provides new insights and technical support for the design of similar equipment.
KEY WORDS：Self-Propelled Sprayer；Boom Structure Optimization；Droplet Distribution Uniformity
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 自走式喷药机喷杆研究背景与意义 1
1.2 喷杆结构优化设计的研究现状 1
第二章 喷杆结构力学性能分析 3
2.1 喷杆受力情况建模 3
2.2 力学仿真与实验验证 3
2.3 结构强度与刚度优化 4
第三章 喷杆布局与喷洒均匀性优化 5
3.1 喷头分布对喷洒效果的影响 5
3.2 喷杆姿态调整机制设计 5
3.3 均匀性测试与改进方案 6
第四章 喷杆减振与稳定性提升 7
4.1 振动源分析与控制策略 7
4.2 减振结构设计与参数优化 7
4.3 稳定性测试与效果评估 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
