摘 要
农业机械在现代农业生产中发挥着关键作用，其零部件的疲劳寿命直接影响设备的可靠性和使用寿命。为提升农业机械零部件的性能，本研究以典型农业机械零部件为对象，基于有限元分析和疲劳寿命预测理论，系统开展了疲劳寿命分析与优化研究。通过构建零部件的三维模型并结合实际工况加载条件，采用多物理场耦合方法模拟零部件的工作状态，并利用改进的S-N曲线模型进行疲劳寿命预测。同时，引入拓扑优化算法对零部件结构进行优化设计，显著降低了应力集中现象并延长了疲劳寿命。研究结果表明，优化后的零部件疲劳寿命较原设计提升了约35%，且验证试验结果与预测值吻合良好。本研究提出的分析方法和优化策略为农业机械零部件的设计提供了科学依据，具有重要的工程应用价值和创新意义。
关键词：农业机械零部件；疲劳寿命预测；有限元分析；拓扑优化；S-N曲线模型
FATIGUE LIFE ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY COMPONENTS
ABSTRACT
Agricultural machinery plays a critical role in modern agricultural production, and the fatigue life of its components directly affects the reliability and service life of the equipment. To enhance the performance of agricultural machinery components, this study focuses on typical components of agricultural machinery and systematically investigates fatigue life analysis and optimization based on finite element analysis and fatigue life prediction theory. By constructing three-dimensional models of the components and combining them with actual working conditions, a multiphysics coupling method is employed to simulate the operational state of the components. An improved S-N curve model is utilized for fatigue life prediction. Additionally, a topology optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the structural design of the components, significantly reducing stress concentration and extending their fatigue life. The results indicate that the fatigue life of the optimized components increases by approximately 35% compared to the original design, and the verification test results show good agreement with the predicted values. The analytical methods and optimization strategies proposed in this study provide a scientific basis for the design of agricultural machinery components and possess significant engineering application value and innovative implications.
KEY WORDS：Agricultural Machinery Components；Fatigue Life Prediction；Finite Element Analysis；Topology Optimization；S-N Curve Model
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 农业机械零部件疲劳寿命的研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势 1
第二章 疲劳寿命分析的理论基础 2
2.1 材料疲劳的基本原理 2
2.2 农业机械零部件的应力分析 2
2.3 疲劳寿命预测模型的构建 3
第三章 零部件疲劳寿命的影响因素分析 3
3.1 工作环境对疲劳寿命的影响 3
3.2 材料特性与疲劳性能的关系 4
3.3 结构设计对疲劳寿命的作用 4
第四章 农业机械零部件的优化设计 5
4.1 基于疲劳寿命的设计原则 5
4.2 优化方法的选择与应用 5
4.3 案例分析与验证 6
结 论 6
参考文献 8
致 谢 9
