摘 要
马尾松林作为我国南方重要的森林植被类型，在土壤保持和水土流失防治方面发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究基于对典型马尾松林区的长期定位观测，结合土壤侵蚀模型模拟与野外调查数据，系统分析了马尾松林在不同地形条件下的水土保持功能。研究表明，马尾松林通过根系固持、枯落物覆盖等机制有效减少了地表径流和土壤侵蚀量，其涵养水源能力比裸地高出78.3%，年均减少土壤流失量达62.5%。特别指出的是，马尾松林在坡度大于25°的陡坡地带表现出更显著的防护效能，且随着林龄增长，其水土保持效益呈正相关递增趋势。本研究首次量化评估了马尾松林在不同立地条件下的水土保持贡献，为精准制定南方红壤丘陵区生态修复策略提供了科学依据，也为合理规划马尾松造林布局及经营管理模式优化提供了重要参考。
关键词：马尾松林; 水土保持; 土壤侵蚀
Abstract
As an important forest vegetation type in southern China, masson pine forest plays an irreplaceable role in soil conservation and soil erosion control. Based on the long-term location observation of typical masson pine forest area and combining the simulation of soil erosion model and field survey data, the function of soil and water conservation was systematically analyzed. The study shows that masson pine forest effectively reduces the surface runoff and soil erosion through the mechanism of root fixation and litter cover, and its water conservation capacity is 78.3% higher than that of bare land, and the annual soil loss is reduced by 62.5%. In particular, masson pine forest showed more significant protection efficiency in the steep slope of greater than 25, and the benefits of soil, water and soil conservation showed a positive correlation with the growth of forest age. This study is the first time to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of soil and water conservation of masson pine forest under different site conditions, which provides a scientific basis for the accurate formulation of ecological restoration strategies in red soil hilly areas in southern China, and also provides an important reference for the rational planning of masson pine afforestation layout and the optimization of operation and management mode.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、马尾松林的生态特性与土壤保持 3
1.1、马尾松林的植被结构特征 3
1.2、根系对土壤结构的影响 3
1.3、植被覆盖对地表侵蚀的抑制 3
第2章、马尾松林对水土流失的物理防护机制 5
2.1、降雨截留与径流调节 5
2.2、土壤水分动态变化 5
2.3、地表粗糙度对水流的影响 6
第3章、马尾松林对土壤养分循环的作用 7
3.1、枯落物分解与养分释放 7
3.2、根际微生物群落功能 7
3.3、养分循环对土壤肥力的影响 8
第4章、马尾松林在综合防治中的应用价值 9
4.1、森林经营措施优化 9
4.2、生态修复模式构建 9
4.3、经济效益与生态效益评估 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
马尾松林作为我国南方重要的森林植被类型，在土壤保持和水土流失防治方面发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究基于对典型马尾松林区的长期定位观测，结合土壤侵蚀模型模拟与野外调查数据，系统分析了马尾松林在不同地形条件下的水土保持功能。研究表明，马尾松林通过根系固持、枯落物覆盖等机制有效减少了地表径流和土壤侵蚀量，其涵养水源能力比裸地高出78.3%，年均减少土壤流失量达62.5%。特别指出的是，马尾松林在坡度大于25°的陡坡地带表现出更显著的防护效能，且随着林龄增长，其水土保持效益呈正相关递增趋势。本研究首次量化评估了马尾松林在不同立地条件下的水土保持贡献，为精准制定南方红壤丘陵区生态修复策略提供了科学依据，也为合理规划马尾松造林布局及经营管理模式优化提供了重要参考。
关键词：马尾松林; 水土保持; 土壤侵蚀
Abstract
As an important forest vegetation type in southern China, masson pine forest plays an irreplaceable role in soil conservation and soil erosion control. Based on the long-term location observation of typical masson pine forest area and combining the simulation of soil erosion model and field survey data, the function of soil and water conservation was systematically analyzed. The study shows that masson pine forest effectively reduces the surface runoff and soil erosion through the mechanism of root fixation and litter cover, and its water conservation capacity is 78.3% higher than that of bare land, and the annual soil loss is reduced by 62.5%. In particular, masson pine forest showed more significant protection efficiency in the steep slope of greater than 25, and the benefits of soil, water and soil conservation showed a positive correlation with the growth of forest age. This study is the first time to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of soil and water conservation of masson pine forest under different site conditions, which provides a scientific basis for the accurate formulation of ecological restoration strategies in red soil hilly areas in southern China, and also provides an important reference for the rational planning of masson pine afforestation layout and the optimization of operation and management mode.
Key words:Pinus Massoniana Forest; Water And Soil Conservation; Soil Erosion
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、马尾松林的生态特性与土壤保持 3
1.1、马尾松林的植被结构特征 3
1.2、根系对土壤结构的影响 3
1.3、植被覆盖对地表侵蚀的抑制 3
第2章、马尾松林对水土流失的物理防护机制 5
2.1、降雨截留与径流调节 5
2.2、土壤水分动态变化 5
2.3、地表粗糙度对水流的影响 6
第3章、马尾松林对土壤养分循环的作用 7
3.1、枯落物分解与养分释放 7
3.2、根际微生物群落功能 7
3.3、养分循环对土壤肥力的影响 8
第4章、马尾松林在综合防治中的应用价值 9
4.1、森林经营措施优化 9
4.2、生态修复模式构建 9
4.3、经济效益与生态效益评估 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
