摘 要
桉树人工林在全球范围内广泛种植，其对土壤水分及养分的影响备受关注。本研究旨在探讨不同年龄阶段桉树人工林对土壤水分动态及养分循环的影响机制，以期为合理经营管理提供科学依据。选取典型桉树人工林区，设置多个样地，通过长期定位观测与实验分析相结合的方法，系统监测了土壤含水量、pH值、有机质含量、全氮、全磷等关键指标的变化规律。结果表明，随着桉树生长年限增加，土壤含水量呈现先降低后趋于稳定的趋势，这主要归因于桉树根系发达导致初期耗水加剧，后期林分郁闭度增大减少蒸发；土壤pH值逐渐下降，有机质含量先升后降，全氮和全磷含量则持续上升，显示出桉树具有较强的富集养分能力。创新性地揭示了桉树人工林土壤水分和养分变化的内在联系及其驱动因素，为深入理解桉树人工林生态系统功能提供了新视角，也为优化桉树造林模式、实现可持续经营奠定了理论基础。
关键词：桉树人工林；土壤水分动态；养分循环
Abstract
Eucalyptus plantations are widely established globally, and their impacts on soil moisture and nutrients have garnered significant attention. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which Eucalyptus plantations of different age stages influence soil moisture dynamics and nutrient cycling, providing scientific evidence for rational management practices. Typical Eucalyptus plantation areas were selected, and multiple plots were established to systematically monitor key indicators such as soil water content, pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus through a combination of long-term fixed-point observations and experimental analyses. The results indicate that as the growth period of Eucalyptus increases, soil water content initially decreases and then stabilizes, primarily due to increased water consumption from the well-developed root system in the early stages and reduced evaporation as canopy closure increases in later stages. Soil pH gradually declines, while organic matter content first increases and then decreases. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents consistently rise, demonstrating Eucalyptus's strong capacity for nutrient accumulation. This study innovatively elucidates the intrinsic relationship and driving factors of soil moisture and nutrient changes in Eucalyptus plantations, offering new insights into understanding the ecosystem functions of Eucalyptus plantations and laying a theoretical foundation for optimizing planting models and achieving sustainable management.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、桉树人工林与土壤水分关系 3
1.1、土壤水分动态变化 3
1.2、桉树根系吸水特性 3
1.3、水分循环影响机制 4
第2章、桉树人工林对土壤养分的影响 5
2.1、养分含量变化特征 5
2.2、树叶凋落物分解 5
2.3、养分循环过程分析 6
第3章、桉树人工林的生态效应 7
3.1、土壤微生物群落 7
3.2、土壤物理性质改变 7
3.3、生态系统服务功能 8
第4章、桉树人工林管理措施 9
4.1、合理间伐技术应用 9
4.2、水分管理策略优化 9
4.3、养分补充方法探讨 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
桉树人工林在全球范围内广泛种植，其对土壤水分及养分的影响备受关注。本研究旨在探讨不同年龄阶段桉树人工林对土壤水分动态及养分循环的影响机制，以期为合理经营管理提供科学依据。选取典型桉树人工林区，设置多个样地，通过长期定位观测与实验分析相结合的方法，系统监测了土壤含水量、pH值、有机质含量、全氮、全磷等关键指标的变化规律。结果表明，随着桉树生长年限增加，土壤含水量呈现先降低后趋于稳定的趋势，这主要归因于桉树根系发达导致初期耗水加剧，后期林分郁闭度增大减少蒸发；土壤pH值逐渐下降，有机质含量先升后降，全氮和全磷含量则持续上升，显示出桉树具有较强的富集养分能力。创新性地揭示了桉树人工林土壤水分和养分变化的内在联系及其驱动因素，为深入理解桉树人工林生态系统功能提供了新视角，也为优化桉树造林模式、实现可持续经营奠定了理论基础。
关键词：桉树人工林；土壤水分动态；养分循环
Abstract
Eucalyptus plantations are widely established globally, and their impacts on soil moisture and nutrients have garnered significant attention. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which Eucalyptus plantations of different age stages influence soil moisture dynamics and nutrient cycling, providing scientific evidence for rational management practices. Typical Eucalyptus plantation areas were selected, and multiple plots were established to systematically monitor key indicators such as soil water content, pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus through a combination of long-term fixed-point observations and experimental analyses. The results indicate that as the growth period of Eucalyptus increases, soil water content initially decreases and then stabilizes, primarily due to increased water consumption from the well-developed root system in the early stages and reduced evaporation as canopy closure increases in later stages. Soil pH gradually declines, while organic matter content first increases and then decreases. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents consistently rise, demonstrating Eucalyptus's strong capacity for nutrient accumulation. This study innovatively elucidates the intrinsic relationship and driving factors of soil moisture and nutrient changes in Eucalyptus plantations, offering new insights into understanding the ecosystem functions of Eucalyptus plantations and laying a theoretical foundation for optimizing planting models and achieving sustainable management.
Key words:Eucalyptus Plantation; Soil Water Dynamics; Nutrient Cycling
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、桉树人工林与土壤水分关系 3
1.1、土壤水分动态变化 3
1.2、桉树根系吸水特性 3
1.3、水分循环影响机制 4
第2章、桉树人工林对土壤养分的影响 5
2.1、养分含量变化特征 5
2.2、树叶凋落物分解 5
2.3、养分循环过程分析 6
第3章、桉树人工林的生态效应 7
3.1、土壤微生物群落 7
3.2、土壤物理性质改变 7
3.3、生态系统服务功能 8
第4章、桉树人工林管理措施 9
4.1、合理间伐技术应用 9
4.2、水分管理策略优化 9
4.3、养分补充方法探讨 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
