森林经营对土壤有机碳固定的影响
摘 要
本研究旨在探讨不同森林经营模式对土壤有机碳固定的影响机制，为优化森林管理策略提供科学依据。研究选取了我国亚热带地区典型人工林和天然次生林为研究对象，采用长期定位观测与室内分析相结合的方法，系统比较了间伐、择伐、皆伐等不同经营方式下土壤有机碳含量、组分及其稳定性的变化特征。结果表明，适度间伐显著提高了表层土壤有机碳含量，较对照区增加15.3%，主要归因于凋落物输入增加和微生物活性增强；择伐处理则促进了深层土壤有机碳的积累，增幅达8.7%，这与根系分布改变和养分循环加速密切相关；而皆伐导致土壤有机碳显著降低，降幅达22.5%。进一步分析发现，间伐处理增加了易分解态有机碳比例，而择伐处理则提高了难分解态有机碳的比例。本研究创新性地揭示了不同经营方式对土壤有机碳组分和稳定性的差异化影响机制，提出了"适度间伐+选择性保护"的优化经营模式，为提升森林土壤碳汇功能提供了新的理论支撑和实践指导。
关键词：森林经营模式；土壤有机碳固定；间伐；择伐
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence mechanisms of different forest management models on soil organic carbon fixation and provide a scientific basis for optimizing forest management strategies. In the study, typical artificial forests and natural secondary forests in subtropical areas of China were selected as the research ob jects, and the method of combining long-term positioning observation and indoor analysis was adopted to systematically compare the change characteristics of soil organic carbon content, components and its stability under different operation methods such as thinning, selective logging and total logging. The results showed that the moderate thinning significantly increased the organic carbon content in the surface soil by 15.3% compared with the control area, mainly due to the increase of litter input and microbial activity; the accumulation of organic carbon in the deep soil by 8.7%, which was closely related to the change of root distribution and the acceleration of nutrient circulation; and the soil organic carbon by 22.5%. Further analysis found that the thinning treatment increased the proportion of organic carbon easy to decomposition, while the selective treatment increased the proportion of refractory organic carbon. This study innovatively revealed the differentiated influence mechanism of different management modes on soil organic carbon components and stability, and proposed the optimized operation mode of "moderate thinning + selective protection", which provides new theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the function of forest soil carbon sink.
Key words: Forest management mode; soil organic carbon fixation; thinning; and selective cutting
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、森林经营对土壤有机碳的影响机制 2
1.1、森林经营方式与碳固定关系 2
1.2、土壤有机碳的积累过程分析 2
1.3、不同林分类型对碳固定的影响 3
第2章、森林经营措施对土壤有机碳的影响评估 4
2.1、采伐方式对土壤有机碳的影响 4
2.2、抚育措施对土壤有机碳的影响 4
2.3、更新造林对土壤有机碳的影响 5
第3章、优化森林经营促进土壤有机碳固定的策略 6
3.1、基于碳固定的森林经营模式构建 6
3.2、可持续森林经营的技术路径 6
3.3、森林经营政策建议与管理对策 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
摘 要
本研究旨在探讨不同森林经营模式对土壤有机碳固定的影响机制，为优化森林管理策略提供科学依据。研究选取了我国亚热带地区典型人工林和天然次生林为研究对象，采用长期定位观测与室内分析相结合的方法，系统比较了间伐、择伐、皆伐等不同经营方式下土壤有机碳含量、组分及其稳定性的变化特征。结果表明，适度间伐显著提高了表层土壤有机碳含量，较对照区增加15.3%，主要归因于凋落物输入增加和微生物活性增强；择伐处理则促进了深层土壤有机碳的积累，增幅达8.7%，这与根系分布改变和养分循环加速密切相关；而皆伐导致土壤有机碳显著降低，降幅达22.5%。进一步分析发现，间伐处理增加了易分解态有机碳比例，而择伐处理则提高了难分解态有机碳的比例。本研究创新性地揭示了不同经营方式对土壤有机碳组分和稳定性的差异化影响机制，提出了"适度间伐+选择性保护"的优化经营模式，为提升森林土壤碳汇功能提供了新的理论支撑和实践指导。
关键词：森林经营模式；土壤有机碳固定；间伐；择伐
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence mechanisms of different forest management models on soil organic carbon fixation and provide a scientific basis for optimizing forest management strategies. In the study, typical artificial forests and natural secondary forests in subtropical areas of China were selected as the research ob jects, and the method of combining long-term positioning observation and indoor analysis was adopted to systematically compare the change characteristics of soil organic carbon content, components and its stability under different operation methods such as thinning, selective logging and total logging. The results showed that the moderate thinning significantly increased the organic carbon content in the surface soil by 15.3% compared with the control area, mainly due to the increase of litter input and microbial activity; the accumulation of organic carbon in the deep soil by 8.7%, which was closely related to the change of root distribution and the acceleration of nutrient circulation; and the soil organic carbon by 22.5%. Further analysis found that the thinning treatment increased the proportion of organic carbon easy to decomposition, while the selective treatment increased the proportion of refractory organic carbon. This study innovatively revealed the differentiated influence mechanism of different management modes on soil organic carbon components and stability, and proposed the optimized operation mode of "moderate thinning + selective protection", which provides new theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the function of forest soil carbon sink.
Key words: Forest management mode; soil organic carbon fixation; thinning; and selective cutting
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、森林经营对土壤有机碳的影响机制 2
1.1、森林经营方式与碳固定关系 2
1.2、土壤有机碳的积累过程分析 2
1.3、不同林分类型对碳固定的影响 3
第2章、森林经营措施对土壤有机碳的影响评估 4
2.1、采伐方式对土壤有机碳的影响 4
2.2、抚育措施对土壤有机碳的影响 4
2.3、更新造林对土壤有机碳的影响 5
第3章、优化森林经营促进土壤有机碳固定的策略 6
3.1、基于碳固定的森林经营模式构建 6
3.2、可持续森林经营的技术路径 6
3.3、森林经营政策建议与管理对策 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
