城市化进程中的土地利用变化及其生态效应分析 -土地资源管理专业

摘要

随着全球城市化进程的加速，土地利用变化及其生态效应已成为区域可持续发展研究的重要议题。本研究以中国典型快速城市化区域为研究对象，基于多源遥感数据与地理信息系统技术，构建了2000-2020年土地利用时空演变数据库，采用景观格局指数、生态系统服务价值评估模型及空间自相关分析方法，系统揭示了城市化进程中土地利用变化的时空特征及其生态效应。研究发现，研究区建设用地面积显著扩张，年均增长率为3.2%，主要来源于耕地和生态用地的转化；景观破碎化程度加剧，斑块密度增加15.6%，连通性下降8.3%；生态系统服务价值总量减少12.8亿元，其中调节服务和文化服务功能下降最为显著；空间分析表明，土地利用变化与生态效应呈现显著的空间异质性，形成了"中心-外围"的梯度分布格局。

关键词：土地利用变化；城市化；生态效应；生态系统服务价值

LAND USE CHANGE AND ITS ECOLOGICAL EFFECT IN THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION

ABSTRACT

With the acceleration of global urbanization, land use change and its ecological effects have become an important topic in the study of regional sustainable development. Based on multi-source remote sensing data and geographic information system (GIS) technology, this study constructed a spatio-temporal land-use evolution database from 2000 to 2020, and adopted landscape pattern index, ecosystem service value assessment model and spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The spatial and temporal characteristics and ecological effects of land use change in the process of urbanization were systematically revealed. The results show that the construction land area in the study area has expanded significantly, with an average annual growth rate of 3.2%, mainly due to the conversion of cultivated land and ecological land. Patch density increased by 15.6% and connectivity decreased by 8.3%. The total value of ecosystem services decreased by 1.28 billion yuan, in which the functions of regulatory services and cultural services declined most significantly; The spatial analysis showed that land use change and ecological effects showed significant spatial heterogeneity, forming a "center-periphery" gradient distribution pattern.

KEY WORDS：Land use change; Urbanization; Ecological effect; Ecosystem service value

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 2

1.1 研究背景及意义 2

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

第2章城市化进程中的土地利用变化特征 3

2.1 土地利用类型转换分析 3

2.2 土地利用空间格局演变 3

2.3 土地利用强度变化趋势 3

第3章土地利用变化的生态效应评估 5

3.1 生态系统服务功能变化 5