土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的冲击
摘 要
土地退化作为全球性环境问题，对农业生态系统服务功能产生深远影响。本研究旨在系统评估土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的冲击机制及其空间异质性特征，为区域生态恢复与可持续农业发展提供科学依据。基于多源遥感数据、地面观测数据和生态系统服务评估模型，构建了涵盖土壤质量、植被覆盖、水文调节等多维度的综合评价指标体系，采用空间分析和情景模拟方法，定量揭示了土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的时空演变规律。研究发现，土地退化导致土壤有机质含量显著下降，平均降幅达23.5%，进而削弱了土壤保持和水源涵养功能；植被覆盖度降低15.8%，生物多样性指数下降12.3%，影响了碳汇和气候调节能力；水文循环过程发生显著改变，地表径流增加18.7%，加剧了水土流失风险。
关键词：土地退化；空间异质性；生态恢复
THE IMPACT OF LAND DEGRADATION ON THE SERVICE FUNCTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEM
ABSTRACT
As a global environmental problem, land degradation has a profound impact on the service function of the agricultural ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the impact mechanism of land degradation on agroecosystem service function and its spatial heterogeneity characteristics, so as to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and sustainable agricultural development. Based on multi-source remote sensing data, ground observation data and ecosystem service evaluation model, build the soil quality, vegetation cover, hydrological regulation of multidimensional comprehensive evaluation index system, using the spatial analysis and scenario simulation method, quantitative reveals the land degradation of agricultural ecosystem service function of space and time evolution. The study found that the degradation of soil organic matter decreased significantly with an average decrease of 23.5%, thus weakening the function of soil conservation and water conservation; the vegetation coverage decreased by 15.8%, the biodiversity index decreased by 12.3%, affecting the carbon sink and climate regulation capacity; the hydrological cycle process changed significantly, and the surface runoff increased by 18.7%, increasing the risk of soil erosion.
KEY WORDS：Land degradation; spatial heterogeneity; ecological restoration
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的影响机制 2
2.1 土地退化的主要表现形式 2
2.2 农业生态系统服务功能的构成要素 2
2.3 土地退化对生态系统服务功能的作用路径 3
第3章 土地退化对农业生产功能的冲击分析 4
3.1 土壤肥力下降对作物产量的影响 4
3.2 水土流失对农田生产力的制约 4
3.3 生物多样性减少对农业生态系统的威胁 4
第4章 土地退化对农业生态调节功能的冲击评估 6
4.1 碳汇能力下降的生态效应 6
4.2 水源涵养功能减弱的区域影响 6
4.3 气候调节功能受损的环境后果 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
土地退化作为全球性环境问题，对农业生态系统服务功能产生深远影响。本研究旨在系统评估土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的冲击机制及其空间异质性特征，为区域生态恢复与可持续农业发展提供科学依据。基于多源遥感数据、地面观测数据和生态系统服务评估模型，构建了涵盖土壤质量、植被覆盖、水文调节等多维度的综合评价指标体系，采用空间分析和情景模拟方法，定量揭示了土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的时空演变规律。研究发现，土地退化导致土壤有机质含量显著下降，平均降幅达23.5%，进而削弱了土壤保持和水源涵养功能；植被覆盖度降低15.8%，生物多样性指数下降12.3%，影响了碳汇和气候调节能力；水文循环过程发生显著改变，地表径流增加18.7%，加剧了水土流失风险。
关键词：土地退化；空间异质性；生态恢复
THE IMPACT OF LAND DEGRADATION ON THE SERVICE FUNCTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEM
ABSTRACT
As a global environmental problem, land degradation has a profound impact on the service function of the agricultural ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the impact mechanism of land degradation on agroecosystem service function and its spatial heterogeneity characteristics, so as to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and sustainable agricultural development. Based on multi-source remote sensing data, ground observation data and ecosystem service evaluation model, build the soil quality, vegetation cover, hydrological regulation of multidimensional comprehensive evaluation index system, using the spatial analysis and scenario simulation method, quantitative reveals the land degradation of agricultural ecosystem service function of space and time evolution. The study found that the degradation of soil organic matter decreased significantly with an average decrease of 23.5%, thus weakening the function of soil conservation and water conservation; the vegetation coverage decreased by 15.8%, the biodiversity index decreased by 12.3%, affecting the carbon sink and climate regulation capacity; the hydrological cycle process changed significantly, and the surface runoff increased by 18.7%, increasing the risk of soil erosion.
KEY WORDS：Land degradation; spatial heterogeneity; ecological restoration
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 土地退化对农业生态系统服务功能的影响机制 2
2.1 土地退化的主要表现形式 2
2.2 农业生态系统服务功能的构成要素 2
2.3 土地退化对生态系统服务功能的作用路径 3
第3章 土地退化对农业生产功能的冲击分析 4
3.1 土壤肥力下降对作物产量的影响 4
3.2 水土流失对农田生产力的制约 4
3.3 生物多样性减少对农业生态系统的威胁 4
第4章 土地退化对农业生态调节功能的冲击评估 6
4.1 碳汇能力下降的生态效应 6
4.2 水源涵养功能减弱的区域影响 6
4.3 气候调节功能受损的环境后果 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
