城市绿化树种抗污染适应性分析 -林学专业

摘要

随着城市化进程的加快，空气污染问题日益严重，城市绿化树种的抗污染适应性成为生态修复和环境保护的重要研究方向。本研究旨在探讨不同树种在城市环境中的抗污染能力，评估其在净化空气、降低污染物浓度方面的潜力。通过实地调查与实验室分析相结合的方法，选取了北京、上海、广州等典型城市的常见绿化树种，测定了其叶片中重金属含量、气孔导度及光合作用效率等指标。研究发现，银杏、樟树和女贞等树种在吸附PM2.5和重金属方面表现出显著优势，且其生理功能受污染影响较小。此外，基于多因子综合评价模型，构建了适用于不同污染程度区域的树种推荐体系。本研究的创新之处在于首次将城市绿化树种的抗污染能力与其生态功能相结合，提出了基于区域污染特征的树种优化配置方案。研究结果表明，合理选择抗污染树种不仅能有效改善城市空气质量，还能提升城市生态系统的稳定性。该成果为未来城市绿化规划提供了科学依据，对推动绿色城市建设具有重要意义。

关键词：城市绿化树种；抗污染能力；空气净化；重金属吸附；生态修复

ANALYSIS OF ANTI-POLLUTION ADAPTABILITY OF URBAN GREENING TREE SPECIES

ABSTRACT

With the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of air pollution is becoming more and more serious. The anti-pollution adaptability of urban green tree species has become an important research direction of ecological restoration and environmental protection. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-pollution ability of different tree species in urban environments and to assess their potential in purifying the air and reducing pollutant concentrations. Through the method of field investigation and laboratory analysis, the common green tree species in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other typical cities were selected, and the heavy me tal content, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic efficiency of their leaves were determined. It was found that ginkgo biloba, camphor and ligustrum showed significant advantages in adsorbing PM2.5 and heavy me tals, and their physiological functions were less affected by pollution. In addition, based on the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model, the tree species recommendation system suitable for different pollution levels was established. The innovation of this study is that for the first time, the anti-pollution ability of urban green tree species is combined with its ecological function, and the optimal allocation scheme of tree species based on regional pollution characteristics is proposed. The results show that reasonable selection of anti-pollution tree species can not only effectively improve urban air quality, but also enhance the stability of urban ecosystem. The results provide a scientific basis for future urban greening planning and are of great significance for promoting green city construction.

KEY WORDS：Urban Greening Tree Species; Anti-Pollution Ability; Air Purification; Heavy me tal Adsorption; Ecological Restoration

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 2

1.1 研究背景及意义 2

1.2 城市绿化树种抗污染适应性研究现状 2

第2章城市绿化树种抗污染生理机制分析 4

2.1 树种对大气污染物的吸收与转化机制 4

2.2 树种抗氧化系统对污染胁迫的响应 4

2.3 树种根系对土壤污染物的耐受与修复能力 4

第3章典型城市绿化树种抗污染适应性评价 6

3.1 常见绿化树种对不同污染物的耐受性比较 6