摘 要
自修复化学工程材料是一类能够模仿生物组织自我修复能力的智能材料，其在减少维护成本、延长材料使用寿命以及提高工程结构安全性方面展现出巨大潜力。自修复材料的理论基础章节深入探讨了自修复机制的科学原理，包括微观和宏观的自修复机制，以及自修复材料的分类与工作模式。此外，还介绍了自修复化学工程材料的最新进展，为后续的技术发展和应用提供了理论支持。在自修复材料的开发技术章节中，本文详细介绍了基于微观胶囊的自修复策略、智能聚合物网络的自修复设计、生物启发的自修复材料开发，以及自修复材料的合成与制备方法。这些技术为自修复材料的创新开发提供了多样化的途径。性能表征章节对自修复材料的关键性能进行了系统的评估，包括硬度与强度的测试、自修复效率的评估标准、耐久性与环境适应性的研究，以及自修复性能的长期稳定性分析。这些性能指标对于自修复材料的实际应用至关重要。自修复化学工程材料的应用章节展示了自修复材料在土木工程、机械工程、电子工程和环境工程中的广泛应用。从混凝土的自修复到机器人自主修复，再到电路板和传感器的自修复，自修复材料的应用前景广阔。在挑战与未来展望章节中，本文讨论了自修复材料面临的科学挑战，包括提高修复效率、增强材料的稳定性和可靠性，以及满足技术发展与市场需求的匹配性。同时，也关注了环境影响与可持续性问题，强调了绿色化学和循环经济在自修复材料研究中的重要性。
关键词：自修复材料；化学工程；性能表征；应用领域
Abstract
Self-healing chemical engineering materials are a class of smart materials that can mimic the self-healing ability of biological tissues, which show great potential in reducing maintenance costs, extending the service life of materials, and improving the safety of engineered structures. The Theoretical basis of self-healing materials discusses the scientific principles of self-healing mechanisms, including micro and macro self-healing mechanisms, as well as the classification and working mode of self-healing materials. In addition, the latest progress of self-healing chemical engineering materials is introduced, which provides theoretical support for the subsequent technical development and application. In the chapter on the development of self-healing materials, the self-healing strategies based on microcapsules, the self-healing design of intelligent polymer networks, the development of bio-inspired self-healing materials, and the synthesis and preparation methods of self-healing materials are introduced in detail. These technologies offer a variety of avenues for innovative development of self-healing materials. The performance characterization chapter systematically evaluates the key properties of self-healing materials, including hardness and strength testing, evaluation criteria of self-healing efficiency, durability and environmental adaptability research, and long-term stability analysis of self-healing properties. These performance indicators are crucial for the practical application of self-healing materials. The Application of self-healing chemical engineering materials chapter shows the wide application of self-healing materials in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electronic engineering and environmental engineering. From the self-healing of concrete to the self-healing of robots, to the self-healing of circuit boards and sensors, self-healing materials have broad application prospects. In the chapter Challenges and Future Outlook, this paper discusses the scientific challenges facing self-healing materials, including improving the efficiency of repair, enhancing the stability and reliability of materials, and meeting the compatibility of technological developments with market demands. At the same time, it also pays attention to the environmental impact and sustainability issues, and emphasizes the importance of green chemistry and circular economy in the research of self-healing materials.
Key words: self-healing materials; Chemical engineering; Performance characterization; Application field
目 录
一、绪论 3
1.1 研究背景及意义 3
1.2 国内外研究现状 3
1.3 研究目的 3
二、自修复材料的理论基础 4
2.1 自修复机制的科学原理 4
2.2 自修复材料的分类与工作模式 4
2.3 自修复化学工程材料的最新进展 4
三、自修复材料的开发技术 5
3.1 基于微观胶囊的自修复策略 5
3.2 采用智能聚合物网络的自修复设计 5
3.3 生物启发的自修复材料开发 5
3.4 自修复材料的合成与制备方法 6
四、自修复材料的性能表征 6
4.1 硬度与强度的测试方法 6
4.2 自修复效率的评估标准 7
4.3 耐久性与环境适应性的研究 7
4.4 自修复性能的长期稳定性分析 7
五、自修复化学工程材料的应用 8
5.1 在土木工程中的应用 8
5.1.1 混凝土的自修复 8
5.1.2 建筑物裂缝的修复 8
5.2 在机械工程中的应用 8
5.2.1 机械零件的磨损修复 8
5.2.2 机器人自主修复 9
5.3 在电子工程中的应用 9
5.3.1 电路板的自修复 9
5.3.2 传感器的自修复 10
5.4 在环境工程中的应用 10
5.4.1 污染监测与修复 10
5.4.2 环境材料的自修复 10
六、挑战与未来展望 11
6.1 自修复材料面临的科学挑战 11
6.2 技术发展与市场需求的匹配性 11
6.3 环境影响与可持续性问题 12
6.4 自修复化学工程材料的未来研究趋势 12
七、结论 12
参考文献 13
