摘 要
本文详细介绍了MOFs的结构与组成、孔隙特性、合成方法和表征技术，为理解MOFs在气体储存与分离中的行为提供了基础。在气体储存方面，本文重点讨论了MOFs在储氢、储甲烷以及其他气体（如二氧化碳和稀有气体）储存中的应用。特别关注了储氢容量的优化和储氢动力学研究，以及高压下甲烷吸附和甲烷储存的热力学性质。气体分离章节中，本文分析了MOFs在CO2捕获与分离、氢气纯化与分离以及工业气体（如乙烯/乙烷和丙烯/丙烷）分离中的应用。讨论了MOFs在实现高效分离过程中的选择性吸附和传质性能。在MOFs材料优化策略方面，本文提出了结构设计与功能化修饰、热力学稳定性提升策略、选择性吸附剂的定向合成以及表面改性增强气体相互作用等多种方法，以提高MOFs在气体储存与分离中的性能。通过本研究，旨在为MOFs在气体储存与分离技术的发展提供科学依据，促进MOFs材料在能源和环境领域的应用。
关键词：金属有机框架材料 气体储存 气体分离 材料优化 能源效率
Abstract
In this paper, the structure, composition, pore properties, synthesis methods and characterization techniques of MOFs are described in detail, which provides a basis for understanding the behavior of MOFs in gas storage and separation. In terms of gas storage, this paper focuses on the application of MOFs in the storage of hydrogen, methane, and other gases such as carbon dioxide and noble gases. Special attention is paid to the optimization of hydrogen storage capacity and the study of hydrogen storage kinetics, as well as the thermodynamic properties of methane adsorption and methane storage under high pressure. In the Gas separation chapter, the applications of MOFs in CO2 capture and separation, hydrogen purification and separation, and separation of industrial gases such as ethylene/ethane and propylene/propane are analyzed. The selective adsorption and mass transfer properties of MOFs in the process of efficient separation were discussed. In order to improve the performance of MOFs in gas storage and separation, several methods were proposed, such as structural design and functional modification, thermodynamic stability enhancement strategy, directional synthesis of selective adsorbents and surface modification to enhance gas interaction. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the development of MOFs in gas storage and separation technology, and promote the application of MOFs materials in the field of energy and environment.
Keyword:me tal-organic fr ame materials Gas storage Gas separation Material optimization Energy efficiency
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究目的 1
2金属有机框架材料的基本特性 1
2.1MOFs的结构与组成 1
2.2MOFs的孔隙特性 2
2.3MOFs的合成方法 2
3MOFs在气体储存中的应用 3
3.1气体储存的基本原理 3
3.2MOFs储氢性能的研究 3
3.3MOFs储甲烷性能的研究 3
3.4其他气体的储存 4
4MOFs在气体分离中的应用 4
4.1气体分离的基本原理 4
4.2CO2捕获与分离 5
4.3氢气纯化与分离 5
4.4工业气体的分离 6
5MOF材料的优化策略 6
5.1结构设计与功能化修饰 6
5.2热力学稳定性提升策略 7
5.3选择性吸附剂的定向合成 7
5.4表面改性增强气体相互作用 8
6结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
