摘 要
近年来，随着社会经济的快速发展和生活方式的显著变化，学前儿童的饮食习惯问题日益凸显，成为影响儿童健康成长的重要因素。一方面，现代家庭快节奏的生活方式和便捷的食品获取途径，使得高热量、高脂肪、高糖分的食品在儿童饮食中的占比逐渐增加；另一方面，由于家长对营养知识的缺乏和不良饮食习惯的传递，许多学前儿童在饮食结构、进餐行为等方面存在明显问题。这些问题不仅影响了儿童的营养摄入和身体健康，还可能对其未来的饮食习惯和健康状况产生长远的不良影响。因此，本研究针对学前儿童饮食习惯不良的问题，从饮食结构不合理、进餐行为问题、家庭饮食环境负影响以及幼儿园饮食管理不足等方面进行了深入分析。通过实地调查、问卷调查和访谈等方法，收集了大量关于学前儿童饮食习惯的数据和信息。研究发现，学前儿童普遍存在蔬果和全谷物摄入不足、高能量食品摄入过多、进餐不规律、挑食偏食等问题，这些问题与家庭饮食环境和幼儿园饮食管理密切相关。针对这些问题，本研究提出了优化饮食结构、改进进餐行为、强化家庭饮食环境和加强幼儿园饮食管理等改善对策。通过实施这些对策，可以有效改善学前儿童的饮食习惯，促进其健康成长。
关键词：学前儿童；饮食习惯；健康饮食教育
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and the significant change of lifestyle, the eating habit problem of preschool children has become increasingly prominent, which has become an important factor affecting the healthy growth of children. On the one hand, the fast-paced lifestyle and convenient food access gradually increase the proportion of high calorie, high fat and high sugar foods in children's diet; On the other hand, due to the lack of nutrition knowledge of parents and the transmission of bad eating habits, many preschool children have obvious problems in dietary structure and eating behavior. These problems not only affect children's nutritional intake and physical health, but they also may have long-term adverse effects on their future dietary habits and health status. Therefore, this study addresses the poor eating habits of preschool children, and conducts an in-depth analysis from the aspects of unreasonable diet structure, eating behavior problems, the negative impact of family dietary environment, and insufficient diet management in kindergarten. A large amount of data and information on the eating habits of preschool children were collected through field surveys, questionnaires and interviews. The study found that preschool children generally have problems such as insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits and whole grains, excessive intake of energy food, irregular eating, and picky eating, and these problems are closely related to the family diet environment and kindergarten diet management. To solve these problems, this study proposed the improvement measures of optimizing diet structure, improving eating behavior, strengthening family eating environment and strengthening diet management in kindergarten. By implementing these countermeasures, we can effectively improve the eating habits of preschool children and promote their healthy growth.
Keywords：Preschool children; Eating habits; Healthy diet education
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 相关理论概述 2
1.1 儿童饮食发展理论 2
1.2 饮食习惯形成机制 2
第二章 学前儿童饮食习惯不良的问题 3
2.1 饮食结构不合理 3
2.2 进餐行为问题 3
2.3 家庭饮食环境负影响 4
2.4 幼儿园饮食管理不足 5
第三章 学前儿童饮食习惯不良的改善对策 6
3.1 优化饮食结构 6
3.1.1 增加蔬果和全谷物摄入 6
3.1.2 控制高能量食品摄入 6
3.2 改进进餐行为 7
3.2.1 建立规律的餐次和良好的餐桌礼仪 7
3.2.2 应对挑食行为的策略 7
3.3 强化家庭饮食环境 8
3.3.1 家长饮食行为的正面示范 8
3.3.2 建立科学的家庭饮食规则 8
3.4 加强幼儿园饮食管理 9
3.4.1 完善幼儿园饮食教育体系 9
3.4.2 提升幼儿园餐饮服务质量 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
近年来，随着社会经济的快速发展和生活方式的显著变化，学前儿童的饮食习惯问题日益凸显，成为影响儿童健康成长的重要因素。一方面，现代家庭快节奏的生活方式和便捷的食品获取途径，使得高热量、高脂肪、高糖分的食品在儿童饮食中的占比逐渐增加；另一方面，由于家长对营养知识的缺乏和不良饮食习惯的传递，许多学前儿童在饮食结构、进餐行为等方面存在明显问题。这些问题不仅影响了儿童的营养摄入和身体健康，还可能对其未来的饮食习惯和健康状况产生长远的不良影响。因此，本研究针对学前儿童饮食习惯不良的问题，从饮食结构不合理、进餐行为问题、家庭饮食环境负影响以及幼儿园饮食管理不足等方面进行了深入分析。通过实地调查、问卷调查和访谈等方法，收集了大量关于学前儿童饮食习惯的数据和信息。研究发现，学前儿童普遍存在蔬果和全谷物摄入不足、高能量食品摄入过多、进餐不规律、挑食偏食等问题，这些问题与家庭饮食环境和幼儿园饮食管理密切相关。针对这些问题，本研究提出了优化饮食结构、改进进餐行为、强化家庭饮食环境和加强幼儿园饮食管理等改善对策。通过实施这些对策，可以有效改善学前儿童的饮食习惯，促进其健康成长。
关键词：学前儿童；饮食习惯；健康饮食教育
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and the significant change of lifestyle, the eating habit problem of preschool children has become increasingly prominent, which has become an important factor affecting the healthy growth of children. On the one hand, the fast-paced lifestyle and convenient food access gradually increase the proportion of high calorie, high fat and high sugar foods in children's diet; On the other hand, due to the lack of nutrition knowledge of parents and the transmission of bad eating habits, many preschool children have obvious problems in dietary structure and eating behavior. These problems not only affect children's nutritional intake and physical health, but they also may have long-term adverse effects on their future dietary habits and health status. Therefore, this study addresses the poor eating habits of preschool children, and conducts an in-depth analysis from the aspects of unreasonable diet structure, eating behavior problems, the negative impact of family dietary environment, and insufficient diet management in kindergarten. A large amount of data and information on the eating habits of preschool children were collected through field surveys, questionnaires and interviews. The study found that preschool children generally have problems such as insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits and whole grains, excessive intake of energy food, irregular eating, and picky eating, and these problems are closely related to the family diet environment and kindergarten diet management. To solve these problems, this study proposed the improvement measures of optimizing diet structure, improving eating behavior, strengthening family eating environment and strengthening diet management in kindergarten. By implementing these countermeasures, we can effectively improve the eating habits of preschool children and promote their healthy growth.
Keywords：Preschool children; Eating habits; Healthy diet education
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 相关理论概述 2
1.1 儿童饮食发展理论 2
1.2 饮食习惯形成机制 2
第二章 学前儿童饮食习惯不良的问题 3
2.1 饮食结构不合理 3
2.2 进餐行为问题 3
2.3 家庭饮食环境负影响 4
2.4 幼儿园饮食管理不足 5
第三章 学前儿童饮食习惯不良的改善对策 6
3.1 优化饮食结构 6
3.1.1 增加蔬果和全谷物摄入 6
3.1.2 控制高能量食品摄入 6
3.2 改进进餐行为 7
3.2.1 建立规律的餐次和良好的餐桌礼仪 7
3.2.2 应对挑食行为的策略 7
3.3 强化家庭饮食环境 8
3.3.1 家长饮食行为的正面示范 8
3.3.2 建立科学的家庭饮食规则 8
3.4 加强幼儿园饮食管理 9
3.4.1 完善幼儿园饮食教育体系 9
3.4.2 提升幼儿园餐饮服务质量 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
