摘 要
随着人们对健康饮食的日益关注，益生菌作为一种有益微生物，其在食品中的应用及其对人体免疫系统的影响成为了研究的热点。益生菌主要存在于人体肠道中，它们通过与宿主之间的共生关系，发挥着维护肠道健康、调节免疫系统等多种功能。本文旨在探讨食品中益生菌对免疫系统的影响，为益生菌在食品工业中的应用提供理论依据。益生菌在人体肠道内形成了一层保护屏障，通过竞争营养物质、产生抗菌物质等方式，抑制有害菌的生长，维持肠道菌群的平衡。这种平衡状态对于免疫系统的正常运作至关重要。益生菌能够刺激肠道黏膜免疫系统，促进免疫细胞的增殖和分化，提高机体的免疫力。同时，益生菌还能够调节免疫细胞的分泌功能，促进细胞因子的产生，从而增强机体的抗炎和抗病毒能力。食品中益生菌的摄入对于免疫系统的调节具有重要作用。
关键词：益生菌；免疫系统；食品工业
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS IN FOOD ON IMMUNE SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
As people pay more and more attention to healthy diet, probiotics, as a kind of beneficial microorganism, have become the focus of research on its application in food and its influence on human immune system. Probiotics mainly exist in the human gut, and they play a variety of functions such as maintaining intestinal health and regulating the immune system through the symbiotic relationship with the host. This paper aims to investigate the effect of probiotics in food on immune system and provide theoretical basis for the application of probiotics in food industry. Probiotics form a protective barrier in the human gut, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and maintain the balance of intestinal flora by competing for nutrients and producing antibacterial substances. This state of balance is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. Probiotics can stimulate the intestinal mucosal immune system, promote the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, and improve the body's immunity. At the same time, probiotics can also regulate the secretion function of immune cells and promote the production of cytokines, thus enhancing the body's anti-inflammatory and antiviral ability. The intake of probiotics in food plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system.
KEY WORDS：Probiotics; The immune system; Food industry
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 录 1
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究背景及意义 1
第2章 益生菌概述 2
2.1 益生菌的定义与分类 2
2.2 益生菌的作用机制 2
2.3 益生菌的生理功能 3
第3章 益生菌对特定人群免疫系统的影响 5
3.1 婴幼儿的影响 5
3.2 老年人的影响 5
3.3 运动员的影响 6
第4章 益生菌对免疫系统的调节作用 7
4.1 益生菌对先天性免疫的影响 7
4.2 益生菌对适应性免疫的影响 7
4.3 益生菌与免疫耐受 7
第5章 结论与展望 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
