电力系统故障定位技术的研究与应用 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

电力作为现代社会运转的能源基础，其稳定与可靠对经济发展和社会稳定起着至关重要的作用。本文深入探讨了电力系统故障定位技术的各个方面，旨在提升电网运行的可靠性、安全性和效率。文章详细阐述了故障定位技术的基本原理与多种实现方法。阻抗法、行波法及故障录波分析法等经典技术被逐一介绍，其中，阻抗法通过计算故障阻抗来定位故障点，而行波法则利用故障产生的行波信号进行定位，两者各有优缺点且面临不同的技术挑战。此外，故障录波分析法通过提取和分析故障波形特征来判断故障位置，为复杂故障的诊断提供了有力工具。在故障定位技术方法部分，文章探讨了基于模型、人工智能及混合方法等多种策略，强调了它们在提高故障定位准确性和效率方面的潜力。

关键词：电力系统故障定位阻抗法行波法

Abstract

As the energy base of modern society, the stability and reliability of electricity play a vital role in economic development and social stability. This paper discusses in depth the various aspects of power system fault location technology, aiming at improving the reliability, safety and efficiency of power grid operation. In this paper, the basic principle and various realization methods of fault location technology are described in detail. Classical techniques such as impedance method, traveling wave method and fault recording analysis are introduced one by one. Among them, impedance method locates fault point by calculating fault impedance, while traveling wave rule locates fault by using traveling wave signal generated by fault. Both have advantages and disadvantages and face different technical challenges. In addition, the fault recording analysis method can determine the fault location by extracting and analyzing the fault waveform features, which provides a powerful tool for the diagnosis of complex faults. In the technical methods of fault location, the paper discusses several strategies, such as model-based, artificial intelligence and hybrid methods, and emphasizes their potential in improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault location.

Keyword:Power system Fault location Impedance method Traveling wave method

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3研究目的及方法 2

2电力系统故障定位技术概述 2

2.1故障类型与分类 2

2.1.1单相接地故障 2

2.1.2相间短路故障 2

2.1.3断线故障 3

2.2故障对电力系统的影响 3

2.2.1系统稳定性 3