摘要
本文探讨了人工智能在软件需求工程中的应用及其面临的挑战和应对策略。首先，概述了软件需求工程的基本概念，包括需求工程的定义、流程以及其在软件开发过程中的作用。软件需求工程是软件开发周期中的关键阶段，负责定义和规划软件项目、识别和纠正潜在的缺陷，以及促进开发流程的协同配合。随着人工智能技术的快速发展，其在软件需求工程中的应用逐渐成为研究的热点。本文详细分析了自然语言处理在需求理解中的应用，如何通过机器学习技术实现需求预测，以及智能推荐和辅助决策在需求分析中的价值。此外，人工智能还能辅助自动化文档生成和知识管理，提高需求工程的效率和质量。然而，人工智能在软件需求工程的应用中也面临着诸多挑战。数据隐私性不足、技术的复杂性、用户需求的不确定性以及伦理和法律问题，都是亟待解决的关键问题。针对这些挑战，本文提出了相应的应对策略，包括加强数据安全措施、强化技术培训和学习、实施需求变更管理以及制定伦理准则等。人工智能在软件需求工程中的应用具有广阔的前景和潜力，但也需要在数据安全、技术培训、需求管理和伦理准则等方面做好充分准备，以确保其有效实施并发挥最大价值。
关键词：人工智能；软件需求；应用研究
Abstract
This paper explores the application of AI in software requirements engineering and its facing challenges and coping strategies. First, the basic concepts of software requirements engineering are outlined, including the definition of demand engineering, the process, and its role in the software development process. Software requirements engineering is a critical stage in the software development cycle, responsible for defining and planning software projects, identifying and correcting potential defects, and facilitating the collaboration of development processes. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, its application in software demand engineering has gradually become a research hotspot. This paper analyzes in detail the application of natural language processing in demand understanding, how to achieve demand prediction through machine learning technology, and the value of intelligent recommendation and auxiliary decision making in demand analysis. In addition, AI can help automate document generation and knowledge management to improve the efficiency and quality of demand engineering. However, AI also faces many challenges in the application of software demand engineering. Lack of data privacy, technical complexity, uncertainty of user needs, and ethical and legal issues are all key issues to be solved urgently. For these challenges, this paper proposes corresponding coping strategies, including strengthening data security measures, strengthening technical training and learning, implementing requirements change management, and developing ethical guidelines. The application of AI in software demand engineering has broad prospects and potential, but it also needs to be fully prepared in data security, technical training, requirements management and ethical guidelines to ensure its effective implementation and maximum value.
Keywords： Artificial intelligence; Software requirements; Application research
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
二、软件需求工程概述 1
（一）软件需求工程的基本概念 1
（二）软件需求工程的流程 2
三、人工智能在软件需求工程中的应用 3
（一）自然语言处理与需求理解 3
（二）机器学习与需求预测 3
（三）智能推荐与辅助决策 3
（四）自动化文档生成与知识管理 4
四、人工智能在软件需求工程应用中面临的挑战 5
（一）数据隐私性不足 5
（二）技术的复杂性 5
（三）用户需求的不确定性 5
（四）伦理和法律问题 6
五、人工智能在软件需求工程应用中的应对策略 6
（一）加强数据安全措施 6
（二）强化技术培训和学习 7
（三）需求变更管理 7
（四）制定伦理准则 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
